建筑物石材表面沾尘机理与防护方案设计

建筑物石材表面沾尘机理与防护方案设计

摘要：着中国经济的快速发展，人们生活水平的提高，也带动了新中国的建筑事业得以飞速发展，人们对于城市建筑的质量以及装饰要求都在提高，追求美观豪华、崇尚回归自然已成为建筑艺术、装修艺术的趋势。天然石材作为一种不同于水泥、木材、塑料的建筑和装饰材料，以它独特的性质，越来越受到业主和设计师的青睐。另外，天然石材在建筑上的应用也日益广泛，数量逐步增加，用途不断扩大。结构工程中，天然石材是混泥土的主要骨料，直接作石柱、石梁、石垫等；装饰工程中，天然石材作为面材大量使用于石雕装饰、工业建筑中。然而，近年来，由于空气的极度污染, 空气中固体颗粒也多，我国城市污染问题非常突出，这样无疑给建筑物石材表面也带来了非常严重的污染，建筑物石材表面很容易沾满灰尘，所以本文对建筑物石材表面沾尘机理与防护方案进行了研究。

    本文首先对石材的防护现状进行了研究。石材防护在国外发展已有30多年的历史，而国内建筑物石材防护可以说才刚刚开始。

    其次，文章对建筑物石材表面粒子粘附机理及影响因素进行了研究。当建筑物石材暴露在空气中时，就不断地会有粉尘粒子粘附在它们表面上，如果没有外力的作用，它们就很难从所粘附的表面上脱离。这些粉尘粒子为什么会粘附在石材的表面上？ 它们受到什么样的作用力，它们又受到哪些因素的影响?文章对这些问题进行了详细讨论。

   最后，文章对建筑物石材的防护方案进行了研究。通过对表面粉尘物理清除机理研究，提出了对建筑物石材的防护方案，文章主要认为需从四方面着手：做好定期的维护与保养；选择合适的石材护理设备；选择合适的石材防护剂；及时处理石材病变。

关键词：建筑物石材；石材表面；沾尘；机理；防护

分类号：X92

The mechanism and protection design of

the building tone material surface stained with dust

Abstract: Nowadays, with the rapid development of china’s economy and the increase of people’s living standard, China’s construction industry has made a rapid development, at the same time the quality of urban construction and decoration demand have made a great improvement, besides that the pursuit of beautiful and luxurious and the advocate of return to nature have become a kind of trend of architecture art and decoration art. Compares with the cement, wood and plastic construction and decoration materials, nature stones have become more and more favorable to the owner and designer for its unique property. What’s more, the nature stones’ application has become more and more widely and its usage amount has constantly increasing in the field of architecture. As a main aggravate of beton, nature stones could used as stone pillar, stone mat and so on in the structural engineering ; as a sort of plane material, nature stones could used in the stone carving decoration and industrial construction. However, because of the environmental pollution, the quantities of solid particles in the air are increasing rapidly, which lead to the outstanding dust pollution of the building surface; the paper mainly discusses the mechanism of building surface stained dust and the protection schemes.  

The paper first studies the protection status quo of the nature stones. Nature stones protection has been developed 30years abroad while it just beginning at home. 

Next, the paper studies the mechanism of building surface stained dust. When the building is exposed in the air, the dust particles will be constantly stained in its surface. If there is no external action, it is difficult to pull the dust particles away from the surface adhesion. Why the dust could be stained in the surface of the nature stones? What kind of action are they receiving? How many factors are they influenced? The paper makes a detailed discussion of above questions. 

Last but not least, the paper studies the protection scheme of the stones surface. Through the studies of the physical surface dust removal machine, the article puts forward the protective scheme of building stone, which is mainly involves four aspects: do regular maintenance, choose the appropriate nature stones care equipment and nature stones protective agent and timely processing nature stones disease. 

Keywords: building stone material; stone material surface; stained with dust; mechanism; protection

Classification: X92

目   次

摘要 I

Abstract II

1 绪论 1

1.1 研究的背景和意义 1

1.2 国内研究现状 2

1.3 本范文研究的目的、主要内容、方法 3

1.3.1 研究目的 3

1.3.2 研究内容 3

1.3.3 研究方法 3

2. 建筑物石材防护现状 4

2.1 国外建筑物石材防护现状 4

2.2 国内建筑物石材防护现状 4

3. 石材表面粒子粘附机理及影响因素 7

3.1 石材表面吸附粒子的原因和方式 7

3.1.1 固体表面自由能 7

3.1.2 表面热力学基础 7

3.2 石材表面粘尘机理实验研究 9

3.3 石材表面粒子粘附影响因素 11

3.3.1 人的影响 11

3.3.2固体表面结构的影响 12

3.3.3 粉尘粒度的影响 12

3.3.4固体表面和粒子化学成分的影响 13

3.3.5 气候条件的影响 14

4. 建筑物石材表面防护方案 16

4.1清除机理实验研究 16

4.1.1湿润效果实验 16

4.1.2防污性能实验 20

4.2 建筑物石材表面防护方案 21

4.2.1做好定期的维护与保养 22

4.2.2选择合适的石材护理设备 22

4.2.3 选择合适的石材防护剂 22

4.2.4及时处理石材病变 23

5. 结论与展望 23

参考文献 24