数字钟的设计

范文编号:DQ058    范文字数:12451,页数:42

摘要
 本范文介绍了用AT89S51单片机控制的数字钟的硬件结构与软件设计,给出了汇编语言源程序。此数字钟是一个将“时”、“分”、“秒”显示于人的视觉器官的计时装置。它的计时周期为12小时，显示满刻度为12时59分59秒99毫秒，另外应有校时功能。电路由时钟脉冲发生器、时钟计数器、译码驱动电路和数字显示电路以及时间调整电路组成。用晶体振荡器产生时间标准信号，这里采用石英晶体振荡器。根据60秒为1分、60分为1小时、24小时为1天的计数周期，分别组成两个60进制（秒、分）、一个12进制（时）的计数器。构成秒、分、时的计数，实现计时的功能。显示器件选用LED七段数码管。在译码显示电路输出的驱动下，显示出清晰、直观的数字符号。
 单片机数字钟是一种用数字电路技术实现年、月、日、星期、时、分计时的装置，与机械式时钟相比具有更高的准确性和直观性，且无机械装置，具有更长的使用寿命，因此得到了广泛的使用。
 
 
关键词：单片机；AT89S51； 数字钟

Abstract
The paper mainly presents the hardware and software design of the digital clock using AT89S51. The source program using assemble Language is given. This digital clock is a time-device, which can display "hour", "minute", "second". Its time period is 12 hours and the full scale of the display is 12 hours, 59 minutes, 59 seconds and 99 milliseconds and it has the function of time adjustment. The circuit consists of the clock pulse generator, the clock counter, decoding drive circuit, digital display circuit and the time adjustment circuit.
It generates time standard signal using crystal oscillator, here is the quartz crystal oscillator. Because 60 seconds is 1 minute, 60 minutes is 1 hour and 24 hours is 1 day, we uses two counters of 60 parts and a counter of 12 part separately to constitute the count of percentage of second, second, minute and hour. So it can realize time function. Display component selects seven-segment numerical tube LED. Driven by decoding output circuit, it can display showing clear and intuitive figures. Due to walking error of digital clock, we design time calibrat in the system.
Single-chip microcomputer is the most common digital clock, digital clock with a digital circuit technology to achieve year, month, day, week, the time of installation, compared with the mechanical clock has a higher accuracy and Intuitive, and no mechanical devices, has a longer life, it has been widely used.

Key words：Single-chip microcomputer   AT89S51   Digital clock

目录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………II
1 绪 论 1
2设计的要求及目的 2
2.1设计要求 2
2.2 设计目的 2
3 单片机的介绍 3
3.1单片机的3个阶段 3
3.2 单片机的发展趋势 3
3.3 单片机的组成 4
3.4 单片机的特点 4
4 硬件设计 6
4.1 单片机模块 7
4.1.1  主要特性 10
4.1.2  管脚说明 10
4.2时钟模块 12
4.3复位电路模块 15
4.4 LED显示模块 16
4.5电源模块 18
4.6按键模块 19
4.7 PCF8563 与单片机的接口 20
5 软件设计 21
6  结 论 23
致 谢 24
参考文献 25
附录1 26
附录2 29

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