试论明朝申明亭调解对和谐社会的借鉴意义

摘要

我国调解制度自古以来就有，到明朝洪武五年正式建立申明亭,由本里百姓推举正直的里甲老人主持,亭内树立板榜,定期张榜公布本地有过错人的姓名及其过错行为,并由老人主持轻微诉讼的调解,以此“申明教化”。由于传统文化背景，调解制度在解决纠纷中有着不可替代的作用。在各国追求法治的过程中，调解与法治的理念、制度上都表现出诸多的差异。调解往往能够与诉讼功能互补，它能克服诉讼的缺陷，诸如诉讼延迟，诉讼费用高昂等问题。现在在很多国家我们都看到了调解与诉讼结合的典范——法院附设调解。因此，我们更应该将调解的功效充分发挥，从而使我国的人民调解工作服务于构建社会主义和谐社会。本文试图对调解制度在中国的构建作出一些初步设想，希望能为中国未来的和谐社会构建提供一些粗浅的建议。

关键词　调解； 传统； 和谐社会

Abstract：Mediation system from time immemorial there is in our country,to the Ming dynasty ShenMingTing formally established. Recommended by people place honestly old man chair ,a blackboard is setting in the booth. Regularly publicize local someone make mistakes and name of fault behavior . And the old man presided over the slight litigation mediation so every could corrected their behavior. Due to the traditional cultural background, mediation system in solving cases having the effect that irreplaceable . In various countries in the process of rule of law , there are many differences between mediation and rule of law philosophy system on display , mediation often can complement with lawsuit .Such as litigation delay or litigation cost high . Now in many countries we saw the mediation of the model combining with lawsuit –ADR.So we should to do more will the mediation efficacy . In order to enable our people's mediation work to constructing a harmonious society . It includes which legislative model we should choose ,and how to make a  harmonious society.

Key Words: Litigation; Mediation; Traditional culture;  harmonious

目    录

摘要 I

关键词 １

英文摘要和关键词 １

一、申明亭及和谐社会视野下的诉讼外调解 2

（一）明朝申明亭概述 2

（二）我国调解制度的适用情况概述 3

（三）调解与司法途径解决纠纷之比较 3

（四）多元化纠纷解决机制的社会意义 4

二、我国当前诉讼外调解机制的局限性及其解决办法 6

（一）我国当前诉讼外调解机制概述 6

（二）我国诉讼外调解机制的局限性 6

（三）我国诉讼外调解机制局限性的解决办法 7

三、明朝申明亭调解对构建和谐社会的借鉴意义 9

（一）申明亭调解在传统社会的积极意义 9

（二）申明亭调解对现代和谐社会建设的借鉴意义 10

注释 11

参考文献 12

致谢 13