论法官刑事自由裁量权的运用与约束

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摘    要
      法官的刑事自由裁量权是法律所赋予的，是法官所特有的权力。刑法自身的缺陷性使得法律不得不赋予法官刑事自由裁量权以保障法律实施的公平与公正，法官则通过行使自由裁量权来克服刑法的局限性。然而，法官在运用刑事自由裁量权时必然会受到自身以及外部因素的影响，从而滥用自由裁量权，造成司法腐败和司法的随意。本文概述了法官刑事自由裁量权的涵义，对我国法官运用刑事自由裁量权的现状进行了评析，认为我国法官拥有的是相对的刑事自由裁量权，即是罪刑法定原则下的自由裁量权。为了克服法官行使刑事自由裁量权带来的负面效应，有必要通过完善和构建的一系列制度，对法官的刑事自由裁量权进行约束。希望通过制度的完善和构建，使法官正确合理的运用刑事自由裁量权，发挥其积极的作用。

关键词：刑事自由裁量权  自由裁量权运用  权力限制

On the applying and restraining of judge’s discretion
Abstract
It’s the law that endow the discretion in cirminal proceedings of the judge ,which is the privilege of the judge .Due to the defects of the penal code itself,the law has to endow the discretion in criminal proceedings to the judge to safeguard the justice and impartiality .The judge can overcome the defects of the law by performing the discretion in criminal proceedings.However,the judge may be interfered with the inner or outer factors when performing the rules ,which lead to the misuse of discretion and result in the prestigless of the law .This thesis summarizes the connotation of  the discretion in criminal proceedings and anaylizes the present situation of the judge’s application of the rule .Concluded that judges of our country have a relative discretion in criminal proceedings .To overcome the bed offects which occurs by using of discretion building and consummating a series of instituting is necessary.It is expected that the judge can use the discretion in criminal proceedings properly and effectinely through the building and consummating the institution.

Keywords: discretion in criminal proceeding ；application of discretion ；restriction of power

目  录
摘  要……………………………………………………………………………………ⅢAbstract…………………………………………………………………………………

引  言…………………………………………………………………………………1
一、法官刑事自由裁量权的定义及存在的必要性 …………………………1
（一）法官刑事自由裁量权的定义 …………………………………………………1
（二）法官刑事自由裁量权存在的必要性  ………………………………………2
1. 刑法的个别正义与普遍难以不能两全 …………………………………………………2
2. 刑法的不周延性和滞后性 ………………………………………………………………3
二、法官运用刑事自由裁量权的现状  …………………………………………3
（一）国外法官运用刑事自由裁量权的现状………………………………………3
（二）我国法官运用刑事自由裁量权的现状………………………………………4
1. 我国法官刑事自由裁量权的特点 ………………………………………………………4
2. 我国对法官刑事自由裁量权的现有约束制度 …………………………………………5
3．我国法官运用刑事自由裁量权存在的问题 ……………………………………………8
三、对刑事自由裁量权进行约束的构想和建议………………………………9

（一）完善现有制度………………………………………………………………………9
1. 完善法官制度 ……………………………………………………………………………9
2. 完善监督机制 …………………………………………………………………………10
3. 改革审判委员会制度……………………………………………………………………10
（二）尝试新的制度…………………………………………………………………11

1. 建立刑事判例制度………………………………………………………………………11
2. 引进陪审团制度…………………………………………………………………………12
结  语 ……………………………………………………………………………………12
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………13
致  谢  …………………………………………………………………………………14

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