高空抛物侵权责任研究

摘要

随着我国现代化建设的不断发展，高空坠物致人损害事件频频发生。在不明确致害人的情况下，受害者根本找不出责任归谁和赔偿的人，在司法实践和理论中存在着诸多问题和争议。自《侵权责任法》的适时出台，对高空抛物侵权责任案件起到至关重要的作用，为法院审判高空抛物侵权类案件提供法律准则的依据。但是不能解决适用补偿责任合理依据，不能维护受害人的权益。现行立法对高空抛物侵权责任的规定还存在着很多的不足之处。本文通过对高空抛物侵权行为司法实践的分析和对高空抛物侵权责任的探讨，并对《侵权责任法》第八十七条的合理性进行分析，对高空抛物在责任承担范围、责任承担方式、免责事由仍缺乏详细规定来分析研究高空抛物侵权责任立法完善的问题，并提出相关的建议，充分保障受害人损失救济。

关键词　高空抛物；侵权责任；损害救济

Abstravt

       With the continuous development of China's modernization drive, falling objects caused by high-altitude damage events occur frequently. In the case of unspecified injury to the human, the victim can not find the responsibility and compensation for the people, there are many problems in judicial practice and theory and controversy. Since the "Tort Liability Act," the timely introduction of high altitude parabolic tort cases play a vital role in the trial of high-altitude parabolic cases for the courts to provide the basis for legal norms. But can not solve a reasonable basis for the application of compensation, can not protect the interests of victims. There are still a lot of shortcomings in the current legislation on the liability of high - altitude parabolic tort. This paper analyzes the judicial practice of high-altitude parabolic tort and the discussion of the responsibility of high-altitude parabolic tort, and analyzes the reasonableness of Article 87 of Tort Liability Law, and analyzes the range of liability, , The cause of exemption is still lack of detailed provisions to analyze the high-altitude parabolic tort liability legislation, and make recommendations to fully protect the loss of victims of relief.

Keywords  high altitude parabola; tort liability; damage relief

目录

摘要 I

Abstravt II

引言 1

一、 高空抛物侵权责任界定 2

（一）高空抛物侵权行为概念和特征 2

1高空抛物侵权行为概念 2

2高空抛物侵权行为特征 2

（二）高空抛物侵权行为与相关侵权行为的比较 3

1高空抛物侵权行为与建筑物侵权行为的比较 3

2高空抛物侵权行为与共同危险行为的区别 3

二、 高空抛物侵权行为的司法现状及问题分析 4

（一）《侵权责任法》前的司法实践 4

（二）《侵权责任法》后的司法实践 5

三、 高空抛物侵权行为立法现状及问题分析 6

（一）高空抛物侵权责任行为立法现状 6

（二）《侵权责任法》第八十七条合理性分析 6

四、 高空抛物侵权行为的立法完善 8

（一）高空抛物侵权责任立法完善 8

1明确高空抛物侵权责任承担范围 8

2明确高空抛物侵权行为责任承担方式 8

3增加追偿的条例和免责事由 8

（二）相关保障制度的构建和完善 8

1完善责任保险制度 8

2建立社会保障救济体系 9

参考文献 10

致谢 11