面向就业的大学生知识重构研究

范文编号:GS327  范文字数:18487,页数:29，附开题报告，文献综述

摘    要
 随着美国次贷危机演变成全球性金融危机，中国也遭遇到前所未有的冲击，危机对各行各业的影响也日益显露，就连一向平静的校园也不免其扰，特别是在就业领域。2008年全国高校文档生559万，比2007年增加64万人,2009年高校文档生将达到619万，预计今后三年内还将以每年50万的速度增长。根据国家劳动保障部的最新统计，2008年的就业状况很不理想。2008年全国普通高校文档生人数达到559万，比2007年增加64万，同比增幅达12.93%。由于解决国有企业下岗失业人员历史遗留问题的任务仍然很重，新成长劳动力已进入高峰期，特别是高校文档生近年增量多、压力大，整个就业市场需求岗位的总体状况相对趋紧。
 另外我国正处在一个快速转型的过程中，正由传统的、整合型社会向现代的、分化的型社会转变。这主要体现在两个方面：一是社会结构的转型，我们国家正从农业的、封闭半封闭的传统社会，向工业的、城镇的、开放的现代社会转型；二是经济体制的转轨，从高度集中的计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变。在转型时期，我国的政治、经济、文化、教育、法律、人的价值观念和意识形态等都受到震撼和冲击。本文着重对目前的大学生就业环境及现状进行分析、讨论，全文总共包括三大部分：
 第一部分论述面向就业大学生的就业环境及现状分析。详细分析了目前大学文档生就业环境的困难及国家相对的政策。
 第二部分分析导致大学生就业困难的原因。本文把目前大学生就业困难的原因分为以几点：1，扩招；2，大学生整体素质的下降；3，高校专业设置的结构性矛盾突出；4，大学生的就业观念不当；5，受全球金融危机影响。
 第三部分论述解决大学生就业困难的方法和大学生知识重构。重点论述主观上解决大学生就业难的问题的几种方法。大学生知识重构包括：提高大学生综合素质，提高大学生人际交往关系，树立自主的创业观念，树立理性的择业观。
 
关键词：就业环境；就业困难；知识重构
Abstract
 As the U.S. sub-prime crisis turned into a global financial crisis, China has experienced unprecedented impact, the impact of crisis on all walks of life are increasingly exposed, and even the campus has been calm can not avoid its interference, especially in the field of employment. 2008 College Graduates National 5,590,000, in 2007 more than 64 million people, college graduates in 2009 will reach 6.19 million, is expected within the next three years will be an annual growth rate of 500,000. State Department of Labor and Social Security in accordance with the latest statistics, the employment situation in 2008 much to be desired. Colleges and universities nationwide in 2008 the number of graduates reached 5.59 million, than the 640,000 increase in 2007, representing an increase of 12.93 percent year-on-year.
 Because laid-off workers of state-owned enterprises to solve problems left over by history staff of the task is still heavy, the new growth has entered a peak period of labor, especially college graduates in recent years, more than the incremental pressure, the demand for positions throughout the job market relatively tight overall.
 In addition, China is in a rapid transition in the process of being examined by the traditional, integrated to a modern society, the differentiation of changes in society. This is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the transformation of social structure, our country is from agriculture, and the closure of the traditional semi-closed society to the industrial, urban, open and modern society in transition; Second, the economic system in transition, from the highly centralized planned economy to a socialist market economic system. In the transition period, China's political, economic, cultural, educational, legal, human values and ideology have been shock and impact.
 This article focuses on the current status of university students and the employment environment for analysis and discussion, including the full text of a total of three main parts:
 The first part of the employment for college students on the employment status of the environment and analysis. Detailed analysis of the current employment situation of university graduates and the country is relatively difficult policy.
 Analysis led to the second part of the reason for the employment difficulties faced by college students. In this paper, the current students are divided into the reasons for the difficulty in finding jobs to a few points: 1, expansion; 2, a decline in the overall quality of students; 3, professional colleges and universities set up to highlight the structural contradictions; 4, the concept of improper employment of university students; 5, by the global financial crisis.
 Solution on the third part of the employment difficulties faced by students and university students the knowledge reconstruction method. Focuses on the subjective and difficult to resolve the issue of employment of university students in several ways. Reconstruction of college knowledge include: to improve the overall quality of students and improve students interpersonal relations, to establish their own entrepreneurial ideas, establish a concept of rational choice.
 
 Keywords: Employment environment; Employment difficulties; Knowledge reconstruction
目    录
摘    要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1选题背景 1
1.2研究意义 1
1.3文献综述 2
1.4研究内容和结构安排 3
第2章 面向大学生的就业环境及现状分析 5
2.1当前大学生就业环境 5
2.2当前大学生就业形势 5
2.3大学生就业现状分析 6
第3章 导致大学生就业困难的原因分析 10
3.1大学生就业困难的主要表现 10
3.2导致大学生就业困难的原因 11
3.3对现存的就业困难原因分析 13
第4章 解决大学生就业困难的建议和大学生知识重构 15
4.1解决大学生就业困难的建议 15
4.2大学生知识重构 16
结    论 22
参 考 文 献 23
致    谢 25

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