高速开关阀的仿真研究
摘 要
高速开关电磁阀在电磁控制系统中是一种结构简单、易于实现计算机控制的关键控制元件，它的性能指标对整个电液系统有很大的影响。在柴油机电控燃油喷射系统中，高速电磁开关阀是电喷系统的控制执行器，所有喷射控制功能都是通过此电磁控制阀来实现的，其工作性能直接影响燃油系统的喷射控制特性。电磁开关阀的开发是电控柴油喷射系统实用化所必须解决的关键技术。
本文叙述了ANSYS软件电磁分析的基本步骤，建立了高速开关电磁阀的电、磁、机、液模型, 并利用ANSYS软件将上述模型联系起来求解,在建立高速开关阀磁场计算有限元模型的基础上, 利用衔铁运动和线圈回路方程，通过仿真分析了高速开关阀的吸合和释放时间及衔铁运动响应与电流变化特性，计算和分析了不同工作气隙、线圈电流与衔铁材料时高速开关阀衔铁的电磁力，对影响电磁阀流量和响应时间等性能的几个因素进行了定性的分析,提出了进一步改进和优化高速开关电磁阀的方案。
我希望通过该课题的研究，能够对液压控制技术的发展，对阀类控制技术与计算机控制技术更好的结合，起到一定地促进作用，同时也衷心地希望我国的液压控制技术取得飞速的发展。
关键词：高速开关阀 有限元 ANSYS软件 电磁控制 仿真
The Simulation Research of High Speed Switch Valve
Abstract
The high speed switch electromagnetic valve is a key equipment in the electromagnetic control system，whose performance will influence the whole electromagnetic control system greatly. In diesel engine electrically controlled fuel injection system, the high speed electromagnetism switch valve is the electricity spurts system's control actuator, all jet control function is realizes through this electromagnetism control valve, Its operating performance immediate influence fuel system's jet control characteristic. The electromagnetism switch valve's development is the key technologies which the electrically controlled diesel oil injection system practical application must solve.
A mathem atical related the ANSYS software electromagnetism analysis basic step, modeling for solenoid was built, including the magnetic model, current model, and mechanical model and hydraulic model. Based on the creation of Finite Element (FEM) model for High Speed Switch Valve, through the core motion equation and the winding circuit equation, the magnetizing time and the release time are computed, and the response characteristics of valve core and winding current are analyzed by simulation. I computed the magnetic force acting on the valve core and the self-inductance of valve winding with different work air-gap and different current. To affected performance and so on solenoid valve current capacity and response time several factors has carried on the qualitative analysis, proposed further improved and the optimized high-speed switch solenoid valve's plan.
I hopes the thesis’s researches can do a little for the development of the hydraulic control technique, and the combination of the valve technique and the computer control technique, I also hopes heartily the hydraulic control technique of the our country will develop quickly.
Key words：high speed switch valve finite dlement ANSYS software Electromagnetic control simulation
目 录
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
目录 iii
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 高速开关阀的发展概述 1
1.2 高速开关阀的研究状况 3
1.2.1 国外研究状况 3
1.2.2 国内研究状况 4
1.3 选题的背景及研究意义 4
第二章 高速开关阀的结构和原理 6
2.1 高速开关阀的结构 6
2.2 高速开关阀的工作原理 7
第三章 ANSYS电磁场理论 8
3.1 麦克斯韦方程 8
3.2 一般形式的电磁场微分方程 9
3.3 电磁场中常见边界条件 10
3.4 ANSYS如何分析磁场 10
3.5 ANSYS电磁场模块概述 13
第四章 ANSYS仿真分析 15
4.1 ANSYS仿真的基本步骤 15
4.2 参数的影响 20
4.2.1 线圈安匝数的影响 20
4.2.2 衔铁磁导率的影响 29
4.2.3 间隙大小的影响 39
4.2.4 衔铁与槽间距的影响 48
4.3 结果 58
第五章 结 论 59
参考文献 60
致谢 62