ZFS100002545中位放顶煤液压支架

范文编号:JX168 所有图纸,任务书,范文字数:37321.页数:101

摘    要

      中位放顶煤液压支架的放煤口位于支架高度的中部，即掩护梁上。工作面为双输送机，一前一后分别运输采煤机的落煤和放落的顶煤。由于工作面有两套独立的出煤系统，采煤和放煤间干扰较少，可以实现采、放平行作业，提高工作面生产率。中位放顶煤液压支架是当前我国应用数量较多，分布面较广的综放支护设备。它已不仅是一种单纯维护工作面空间的支护设备，还是一种依靠矿山压力破碎煤体，具有放煤功能的综采设备。
 本次设计的四连杆中位放顶煤液压支架ZFS10000/25/45，有顶梁、底座、掩护梁、立柱、前后连杆等几部分组成。放煤口设在掩护梁上，采用两部输送机，架型为支撑掩护式，适用于厚煤层的开采。由于该支架采用了四连杆机构，因而受力状态好，抗扭能力强。因此，该四连杆型式的放顶煤支架适合于倾角较大煤层的放顶煤开采。
 此支架具有受力状态好，抗扭能力强，不易倒架，不易损坏且煤尘较小等优点，其不足之处为：（一）后输送机置于底座上，挡煤板与架间浮煤易损坏中部槽，人工清理浮煤劳动强度大，效率低；（二）由于掩护梁不能摆动，仅靠放煤机构对跨落下来的大块煤进行二次破煤的能力欠佳。
 
关键词：四连杆； 中位放顶煤； 液压支架
 
ABSTRACT
       The position puts against the coal powered supports to put the coal mouth to be located in the middle of supports, on the caving shield.The working surface has two conveyors, tandem separately transport the loader to fall the coal and to put against the coal.Because the working surface has two set of independent coal systems, mining coal and puts the coal room disturbance to be few, may realize pick and put on parallel operations, enhances the working surface productivity.The position puts against the coal powered supports are now adopt most in our country, the distribution are abroad synthesis of support and protect equipments. Not only it was already one kind of pure maintenance work space of support and protection equipments, one kind of dependence underground pressure broken pulverized coal body, had puts the coal function the synthesis to pick the equipment.
 In this design four-bar the position puts against coal powered support ZFS10000/25/45. It consists of canopy, base plate, caving shield, hydraulic legs, front and rear lemniscate bars and so on. The coal mouth is located in the caving shield, uses two conveyors, the support type is chock shield, is suitable in thick seam mining.Because the support has used four-bar mechanism, the stressful condition is good, has stable torsional ability. Therefore, the four-bar type puts against the coal support to suit in the big inclination angle coal puts against coal mining.
 This support has the good stressful condition , has stable torsional ability, not easy to lose face, not easy to damage also the coal dust is small and so on,.Its deficiency is: (1)  Back conveyor puts base plate, keeps off the coal board and the bay floats the coal easily to damage the trough, the hand cleaning floats the coal labor intensity to be big, the efficiency is low; (2) Because caving shields are not able to swing, only depends on put the coal organization to the big lump coal which cross falls down to carry on two times broken coal abilities unsatisfactory.
Keywords：Four-bar; put the coal in the middle of supports; powered supports 

目    录

1 序论 …………………………………………………………………………1
  1.1 国内外液压支架的现状………………………………………………1
  1.1.1 国外液压支架现状…………………………………………………1
  1.1.2 国内液压支架技术现状…………………………………………2
  1.2支护设备的用途和种类………………………………………………3
  1.3液压支架工作原理……………………………………………………3
  1.4液压支架的分类………………………………………………………6
1.5液压支架结构…………………………………………………………9
1.5.1支撑式支架…………………………………………………………9
1.5.2掩护式支架…………………………………………………………10
1.5.3支撑掩护式支架……………………………………………………11
1.5.4放顶煤液压支架……………………………………………………12
   1.6 液压支架的设计目的、要求和基本参数………………………14
 1.6.1设计目的……………………………………………………………14
 1.6.2对液压支架的基本要求……………………………………………14
 1.6.3设计液压支架必需的基本参数……………………………………15
2 液压支架的结构设计……………………………………………………15
  2.1 液压支架的主要尺寸的确定………………………………………15
  2.1.1液压支架以及配套设备的型号……………………………………15
 2.1.2支架高度和伸缩比…………………………………………………16
 2.1.3支架间距的确定……………………………………………………17
 2.1.4顶梁尺寸的确定……………………………………………………17
 2.1.5底座尺寸的确定……………………………………………………19
 2.1.6立柱布置……………………………………………………………19
  2.2四连杆机构的确定……………………………………………………19
  2.2.1四连杆机构的作用…………………………………………………19
  2.2.2四连杆机构的设计要求……………………………………………20
  2.2.3四连杆机构设计方法的选择………………………………………21
  2.2.4求解过程……………………………………………………………23
  2.3支架在工作面的通风断面积验算……………………………………26
  2.4各部件结构选择………………………………………………………27
  2.4.1顶梁…………………………………………………………………27
  2.4.2立柱…………………………………………………………………29
  2.4.3掩护梁和四连杆机构………………………………………………31
  2.4.4底座…………………………………………………………………31
  2.4.5侧护板………………………………………………………………34
  2.4.6千斤顶…………………………………………………………………35
  2.5液压支架性能参数的确定……………………………………………37
 2.5.1支护强度……………………………………………………………37
 2.5.2支护面积……………………………………………………………38
 2.5.3支架的有效工作阻力………………………………………………38
 2.5.4确定立柱的技术参数………………………………………………38
 2.5.5泵站压力的确定……………………………………………………39
 2.5.6千斤顶参数的确定……………………………………………………39
3 液压支架的强度设计……………………………………………………39
 3.1概述……………………………………………………………………39
 3.1.1液压支架工作状态…………………………………………………39
 3.1.2计算载荷的确定……………………………………………………40
 3.2液压支架受力分析与计算……………………………………………41
 3.2.1支架整体受力分析…………………………………………………43
 3.2.2顶梁的受力分析与计算……………………………………………43
 3.2.3掩护梁的受力分析与计算…………………………………………46
 3.2.4底座的受力分析与计算……………………………………………48
 3.3顶梁载荷分布…………………………………………………………49
 3.4底座接触比压…………………………………………………………50
4 液压支架的强度计算……………………………………………………53
 4.1强度条件………………………………………………………………53
 4.2液压支架的强度校核…………………………………………………54
 4.2.1前梁强度校核………………………………………………………54
 4.2.2主顶梁强度校核……………………………………………………58
 4.2.3底座强度校核………………………………………………………64
 4.2.4 掩护梁的强度校核………………………………………………69
 4.2.5 前梁千斤顶的强度验算…………………………………………73
 4.2.6立柱强度校核……………………………………………………75
 4.2.7 前连杆强度校核及对应销轴 ……………………………………82
 4.2.8 后连杆强度校核及对应销轴 ……………………………………84
5 液压支架的液压系统 ……………………………………………………85
  5.1立柱和千斤顶…………………………………………………………86
 5.2支架液压阀……………………………………………………………87
 5.2.1液控单向阀…………………………………………………………87
 5.2.2安全阀………………………………………………………………87
 5.2.3操纵阀………………………………………………………………88
 5.3液压支架液压原理图…………………………………………………88
 5.4液压支架的控制方式…………………………………………………89
 5.4.1手动控制……………………………………………………………89
 5.4.2自动控制……………………………………………………………89
 5.5液压系统安装、调试、保养…………………………………………89
 5.5.1安装…………………………………………………………………89
 5.5.2调试…………………………………………………………………92
 5.4.3保养…………………………………………………………………93
结论…………………………………………………………………………94
参考文献……………………………………………………………………95
翻译部分
 英文原文…………………………………………………………………96
 中文译文………………………………………………………………102
致谢…………………………………………………………………………107

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