采煤机截割部的设计

范文编号:JX349  所有图纸,任务书,外文翻译。范文字数:34752.页数:94

摘  要

设计中所介绍的采煤机截割部适用于倾角的中厚偏薄煤层的开采。它传动方式为：电动机—摇臂—行星齿轮传动—滚筒。这种传动方式的电动机轴与滚筒轴平行，取消了容易损坏的锥齿轮，使传动更加简单。截割电机横向布置在摇臂上，摇臂和机身连接没有动力传递，取消了纵向布置结构中的螺旋伞齿轮和结构复杂的通轴。
该采煤机截割部主要由一个减速箱和四级齿轮传动组成，电动机输出的动力经由三级直齿圆拄齿轮和行星轮系传动，最后驱动滚筒旋转。截割部还采用四行星单浮动结构，减小了结构尺寸，采用大角度弯摇臂设计，加大了过煤空间，提高了装煤效果。
在采煤机截割部设计过程中，对各级传动齿轮、轴、轴承和联接用的花键等部件进行了设计计算、强度校核和选用。另在行星齿轮传动中，着重分析了四行星轮的结构设计。采煤机滚筒截齿的配置在本设计中也做了合理的分析和布置。对于摇臂调高液压系统，本设计另外选用电机驱动调高泵，其液压元件的选用也做了适当的说明和介绍。最后本设计对采煤机的使用和维护作了简要的说明。
关键词：截割部； 齿轮；行星轮系； 液压； 截齿配置

ABSTRACT

A cutting unit of shearer introduced in this design applies to the thick and thin seam mining and hearer cutting angle is less than 15°. Its drives: Motor-Rocker-planetary gear drive-roller. This means that the motor drive shaft axis parallel with the drum cancels the bevel gear which is easy damaged and makes this drive more skimpily. The cutting motor horizontally layout on the Rocker. Rocker and the fuselage are not power transmission and it cancels spiral bevel gear which is in the vertical structure and structural complexity immigration axis.
The cutting unit of shearer mainly includes a slowdown boxes and four gear drives. Outputs power of motor transmits through three straight round prop gear and planetary gear train finally drive drum rotary. The cutting unit also uses single floating structure of four planets, so it reduces the size of the structure. Using a wide-angle bends arm design increased over coal, and improves the effectiveness of the coal loading.
In the design of shearer cutting unit process, the levels of transmission gear, shaft. I make the bearings and connected with the flowers and other key components for the design, selection and strength check. In another planetary gear drive, I mainly analysis structure design of the four planetary gear. I also do a reasonable analysis to configuration and layout of Pick shearer drum in the design. Rocker increase for the hydraulic system, the design chooses anther motor which drive in the hydraulic pump. I make a discussion for the selection of hydraulic components. Finally, the graduation design makes a simple explanation about how to use and maintenance the shearer.
Keywords: cutting unit; Gear; Planetary gear train; Hydraulic; Pick configuration.

目    录

1 绪论 ....................................................................1
1.1 采煤机发展历史 ........................................................1
1.1.1 国外采煤机的发展历史 ................................................1
1.1.2 国内采煤机的发展历史 ................................................1
1.2 电牵引采煤机的技术特点及趋势.......................................... 4
1.2.1 电牵引采煤机的发展趋势 ..............................................4
1.2.2 国内电牵引采煤机的技术特点及发展趋势................................ 4
1.3 采煤机的类型及组成.................................................... 5
1.3.1 采煤机的类型 ........................................................5
1.3.2 采煤机的组成 ........................................................6
2 采煤机的总体方案 ........................................................7
2.1 采煤机总体方案 ........................................................7
2.1.1 采煤机总体结构的确定................................................ 7
2.1.2 采煤机的适用范围 ....................................................7
2.1.3 采煤机的主要技术参数................................................ 7
2.1.4 采煤机整机主要特点.................................................. 8
2.2 截割部主要结构的确定 ..................................................8
2.3 截割部电动机的选择.................................................... 12
2.4 总传动比及传动比的分配 ................................................12
2.4.1 总传动比的确定 ......................................................12
2.4.2 传动比的分配 ........................................................13
3 截割部的设计及计算...................................................... 14
3.1 各级传动的转速、功率、转矩............................................ 14
3.2 截割部齿轮的设计计算.................................................. 15
3.2.1 齿轮1和齿轮2的设计计算 ..............................................15
3.2.2 齿轮4和齿轮5的设计计算 ..............................................19
3.2.3 齿轮6和齿轮7的设计计算 ..............................................24
3.2.4 齿轮1至齿轮9的几何尺寸汇总表 ........................................28
3.3 截割部行星机构的设计计算.............................................. 30
3.3.1 齿轮材料热处理工艺及制造工艺的选定 ..................................30
3.3.2 行星机构中主要参数的确定 ............................................30
3.3.3 行星机构中各齿轮几何尺寸的计算 ......................................33
3.3.4 啮合要素验算........................................................ 34
3.3.5 齿轮强度验算 ........................................................35
3.4 轴的设计及校核........................................................ 43
3.4.1 截Ⅲ轴的设计与校核.................................................. 43
3.4.2 行星齿轮轴的校核.................................................... 50
3.5 轴承的寿命校核 ........................................................51
3.5.1 截Ⅲ轴轴承寿命的计算 ................................................51
3.5.2 行星轮轴承寿命的计算 ................................................52
3.6 花键联接强度校核 ......................................................52
3.6.1 截Ⅰ轴花键校核 ......................................................52
3.6.2 截Ⅲ轴花键校核 ......................................................53
3.6.3 截Ⅳ轴花键校核 ......................................................54
3.6.4 太阳轮轴花键校核 ....................................................54
3.7 滚筒截齿配置 ..........................................................55
3.7.1 滚筒宽度............................................................ 55
3.7.2 螺旋叶片头数确定 ....................................................55
3.7.3 螺旋升角的确定 ......................................................56
3.7.4 截齿配置............................................................ 57
3.7.5 滚筒截齿的选择 ......................................................60
4 截割部液压系统 ..........................................................62
4.1 截割部液压系统........................................................ 62
4.1.1 液压元件基本组成.................................................... 62
4.1.2 摇臂调高油路工作原理 ................................................63
4.2 液压系统的安装及故障 ..................................................65
4.2.1 液压系统的安装与维护 ................................................65
4.2.2 液压系统故障及其处理方法............................................ 66
4.3 截割部的润滑及密封 ....................................................67
5 采煤机的使用和维护 ......................................................68
5.1 润滑及注油............................................................ 68
5.2 地面检查与试运转...................................................... 69
5.3 下井及井下组装........................................................ 69
5.4 采煤机的井下操作 ......................................................70
5.5 机器的维护与检修 ......................................................71
结  论 ....................................................................73
参考文献.................................................................. 74
英文原文 ..................................................................75
中文译文.................................................................. 86
致  谢.................................................................... 93

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