股东代表诉讼制度评判与适用

中文字数:3377,中文页数:4 英文字数:2574页数:7

一、股东代表诉讼的当事人
 (一)股东代表诉讼的原告
 顾名思义，股东诉讼的原告应为股东，包括普通股股东与优先股股东。在股东提起诉讼之后，其他股东可以参加该诉讼从而成为共同原告，但作为被告的股东则应排除在外。在代表诉讼中，股东要成为适格的原告，还必须具备一定资格。各国(地区)法律传统不同，关于代表诉讼股东原告的资格限制也有所不同。但总的来说，各国(地区)公司法对原告资格的限制主要表现为两个方面：一是持股时间要求，二是持股数量要求。在持股时间要求方面，英美法系国家对此采用“当时股份持有规则” ，即要求代表诉讼的原告必须在其起诉的侵害公司利益的行为发生时拥有公司股份，而不得对其成为公司股东之前，公司所受到的侵害提起代表诉讼。

First, the shareholders party to the proceedings on behalf of  (A) the plaintiff shareholder lawsuit As the name suggests, the shareholders shall be shareholders of plaintiff litigation, including the common shareholders and preferred shareholders. In shareholder litigation, the other shareholders can participate in to become a co-plaintiff in the lawsuit, but as a shareholder of the defendant should be excluded. On behalf of the litigation, shareholder eligibility to become a plaintiff must also possess the necessary qualifications. Countries (regions) of different legal traditions, shareholder litigation on behalf of the plaintiff's qualifications are different. However, in general, national (regional) company law restrictions on the eligibility of the plaintiff mainly two aspects: First, holding time requirements, and second, holding the number of requests. The holding time requirements, common law countries have adopted "rules of the then shareholders", which called for action on behalf of the plaintiff to be prosecuted in their behavior against the interests of the company's own shares when, and not the company of their shareholders before the company filed by the representative of an infringement lawsuit. Co., Ltd. under China's current 180-day period.

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