中国不断增长的水果、蔬菜出口对美国行业的挑战

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 China’s Rising Fruit and Vegetable Export Challenge U.S. Industry
 
 1.China’s Rapid Rise in Exports
 Chinese fruit and vegetable exports are mainly processed products, accounting for 60 percent of the total value of fruit and vegetable exports in 2002-04 and about 12 percent of global trade. Exports of processed products more than doubled between 1992-94 and 2002-04 (fig. 1). Leading exports include vegetable mixes (prepared and preserved but not frozen), frozen vegetables, and mushrooms. China’s exports of processed fruit are relatively small, but a number of frozen and processed fruit items (jams, jellies, citrus, dried grapes, frozen strawberries, and apricots) registered rapid percentage growth during the most recent period (2002-04).
 While most of China’s vegetable exports are processed, fresh vegetable exports nearly tripled between 1992-94 and 2002-04. Fresh vegetables are now the second-largest fruit and vegetable export category, accounting for 16 percent of export value and about 5 percent of global trade. Two products, garlic and mushrooms, account for more than half of fresh vegetable exports, with a combined average value of $481 million per year during 2002-04. Other leading fresh vegetable exports include onions, carrots, and radishes (table 1).
 Fresh fruit, more than tripling its export value between 1992-94 and 2002- 04, accounts for 8 percent of China’s fruit and vegetable exports. Apples are the primary fruit export, accounting for more than half of the annual export value. Other major fresh fruit exports include pears and tangerines.

中国不断增长的水果、蔬菜出口对美国行业的挑战

一、在出口方面的中国的迅速的升高
 中国出口的水果和蔬菜主要是加工产品。2002年4月份，水果和蔬菜的出口是出口总值的60%，占全球贸易的12%。从1992年到2002年的10年之间，加工后的水果蔬菜产品的出口翻了两番。 主要的出口产品包括蔬菜混合物(精制与防腐但非冷冻)，冷冻蔬菜和蘑菇。 中国加工水果的出口量相对较少，但是在最近的时期内，有记录表示许多冷冻和加工水果项目(果酱， 果冻，柑橘属，干葡萄，冷冻草莓，和杏)的出口百分量正在快速发展。
 中国出口的蔬菜大部分都是深加工之后的蔬菜，但是在1992年到2002年这10年当中，新鲜蔬菜的出口快速发展，出口量增加了三倍。现在，新鲜蔬菜是第二大的水果和蔬菜出口种类，占中国出口总金额16%，占全球贸易的5%。在众多出口蔬菜中有两种产品：蒜和蘑菇。其出口在新鲜蔬菜的出口量中占有半数，并且在这期间创造了平均每年4.81亿美元的价值。 其他主要的出口新鲜蔬菜还包括洋葱，胡萝卜和小萝卜。

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