沃尔玛（中国）人力资源管理模式优化及保障措施研究

进入21世纪以来，我国经济稳步发展，各个行业竞争姿态日益加剧，导致人员及用工成本增加，零售行业的利润空间受到挤压。零售企业想要在日益激烈的市场竞争中生存并谋求发展，必须在控制成本的基础上，增强企业的核心竞争力。在零售行业中，人才是核心竞争力，也是决定企业竞争能力的一个重要因素，人力资源管理更是一项尤为重要的管理工作。沃尔玛（中国）的人力资源管理模式深受美国国情及管理模式的影响，具有人本管理、制度化、注重人才培养 的特点。虽然沃尔玛（中国）的员工离职率相比较而言低于其他零售企业，人力资源管理模式及系统化也更成熟，但在中国国情下，其人力资源管理模式不能过度依赖于制定各种制度，也不能完全照搬美国的管理模式，只有适应中国国情，沃尔玛（中国）才能在我国经济稳步发展的时代下生存、发展。

关键词：沃尔玛（中国）；人力资源管理模式；优化

目录

1.项目研究背景及意义·············································· 1

2．沃尔玛的人力资源管理特点········································ 1

2.1劳动力市场在调节人力资源的分配上起着重要的作用················· 1

2.2人力资源管理的制度化··········································· 2

2.3人本管理深入人心··············································· 2

2.4人力资源管理中低权力化程度····································· 2

2.5人才提拔上的“快车道”··········································· 3

2.6对抗性的劳资关系··············································· 3

3.沃尔玛体现的美国国际人力资源管理模式····························· 4

3.1人才的招募····················································· 4

3.2薪酬管理的多元化体系··········································· 4

3.3股票期权激励和绩效奖励计划····································· 5

3.4职位晋升······················································· 5

3.5员工培训······················································· 5

3.6员工的绩效考评················································· 6

4.沃尔玛（中国）人力资源管理存在的问题····························· 7

4.1人力资源规划不完善············································· 7

4.2招聘工作中存在的问题··········································· 7

4.2.1基层员工招聘中考察重点过于狭窄······························· 7

4.2.2基层员工招聘难··············································· 8

4.3过于重视培训内容的标准化和内部培训····························· 8

4.4绩效考核有待改进··············································· 8

4.5人力资源管理模式缺乏灵活性····································· 9

4.6人力资源管理模式缺乏文化融合·································· 10

5.沃尔玛（中国）人力资源管理模式优化的原则························ 10

5.1继承美式管理的先进经验········································ 11

5.2增强对中国文化适应性·········································· 11

5.3提高管理模式的灵活性·········································· 11

参考文献·························································· 12

鸣谢······························································ 13