浅析近代福州海洋航运业的发展

范文编号:LS150  范文字数:11981,页数:17

 摘   要
 1840年鸦片战争之后，随着中国历史进入近代，福州的海洋航运业进入外国势力控制时期。随着茶禁的开放，出现了多国势力相争的局面，英国在这一阶段，可以说，取得了霸主地位；直至民国建立之后，由于主客观因素的变化，民族资本和海外华侨创办的海洋航运业才呈现出活跃。第一次世界大战，中国民族资本大为发展，与此同时，外国势力发生巨变，英国地位受到动摇，日本势力大举入侵，福州海洋航运业继续繁荣，但“繁荣”的局面因第二次世界大战而转变：民族资本和海外华侨创办的远洋海运业中断，外资航运业、中国帆船海运业进入萎缩（特别是珍珠港事件之后）；战后虽然曾有过一定的复苏，但复苏很快就被解放战争的炮火所阻断，福州海洋航运业就此带着“重伤”随着国民党的战败走完了近代。
 
关键词： 近代；福州海洋航运业；外国资本；国内民族资本；华侨商人
Abstract
 After the Opium War in 1840, as China entered the modern history , the ocean shipping industry of Fuzhou entered a time when the foreign forces to control it, especially after the opening cut of tea, there has been competition between the multinational forces and the United Kingdom at the stage that we can say has achieved dominance; until the establishment of the Republic, due to subjective and objective factors, changes happened because of the ocean shipping industry that national capital and overseas Chinese established. During the World War I, a significant development of China's national capital, while the foreign forces changed, the status of English had been shaken dramatically, the Japanese invasion forces, ocean shipping industry of Fuzhou continue to prosper, but the "boom" situation changes because of the Second World War: the national capital and overseas Chinese ocean shipping industry break off, the ones founded by foreign capital and Chinese capital into decline, (especially after Pearl Harbor); after the war, although there had been some recovery, but recovery soon be blocked by fire, the war of liberation. The ocean shipping industry of Fuzhou, with a "serious injury", with the nationalist party's failed has completed its defeat in modern times.

Key  words：the modern history; the ocean shipping industry of Fuzhou;
 foreign capital; the national capital; overseas Chinese

目   录
一、引言 （1）
二、外国资本海运业 （1）
（一）入侵阶段（1840-1895年） （1）
（二）发展阶段（1895-1936年） （3）
（三）萎缩阶段（1937-1949年） （4）
三、民族海运业 （5）
（一）民族海运业的艰难维系（1840-1894年） （5）
（二）民族海运业的发展时期（1895-1936年） （6）
（三）民族航运业的衰落时期（1937-1949年） （9）
四、华侨商人投资的海洋航运业 （10）
五、结语 （11）
参考文献 （13）
致谢 （14）

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