浅谈地铁隧道施工对既有建筑物的影响及控制措施

摘要

伴随着国民经济的高速增长和城市建设规模的不断扩大，地铁因其可节约土地资源、改善城市环境、提高城市反震减灾能力、无污染等优点，被大中型城市广泛采用——作为改善城市公共交通运输问题的基本途径。同时，地铁大规模建设也给人们的生活带来了一些负面的影响，即地铁隧道施工引起地面沉降和既有建筑物的损伤（裂缝、倾斜甚至坍塌）。因此本文以徐州城市轨道交通1号线一期工程彭城广场站为工程依托，对预测并控制徐州地铁隧道施工引起的地面沉降对建筑物的损伤和防治措施提供理论指导，也为今后合理的开发徐州地下空间提供可参考的资料。因此，本文从以下几个方面着手研究。

（1）针对目前我国城市地铁隧道施工引起的地面沉降、建筑物的损伤规律以及对建筑物损伤的防治措施，分析国内外研究现状，阐明地铁隧道施工引起地面沉降及其对建筑物损伤和防治措施的研究意义。

（2）从地铁工程的施工方法、施工步骤引起的地面沉降入手，分析产生地面沉降的原因，进而分析地面沉降对建筑物损伤的因素。

（3）针对徐州城市轨道交通1号线一期工程彭城广场站的工程概况，分析研究了工程地质及水文地质环境、毗邻建筑状况，并通过论证得出了针对本工程合理的施工方法——明挖法。

（4）通过从基坑的控制标准着手，分析研究了基坑变形对地面沉降的影响、框架结构受地面沉降的影响规律，得出了地面沉降与建筑物的影响规律及建筑物损伤的控制标准。

（5）从控制地面沉降的根本出发，对徐州轨道交通1号线一期工程彭城广场站施工措施进行优化，选择适合的基坑支护结构方案、施工措施保护和现场监测保护，提出了对毗邻建筑物损伤的具体防治措施和应急方案。

关键词　地面沉降　基坑　彭城广场站　建筑物损伤　控制标准　防治措施　

Abstract

With the rapid growth of the national economy and the continuous expansion of the scale of urban construction, the MTRC has been widely used by large and medium-sized cities because of its advantages of saving land resources, improving the urban environment, improving the ability of urban anti-earthquake disaster reduction and pollution, The basic way of transportation problems. At the same time, large-scale construction of the subway has also brought some negative impact on people's lives, that is, subway tunnel construction caused by land subsidence and existing buildings damage (cracks, tilt or even collapse). Therefore, this paper, based on the project of Pengcheng Square Station of Xuzhou Urban Rail Transit Line 1 Project, provides theoretical guidance for predicting and controlling the damage and prevention of buildings caused by the construction of Xuzhou subway tunnel. It also provides reasonable guidance for future rational development Xuzhou underground space to provide reference information. Therefore, this article from the following aspects to study.

(1) According to the current land subsidence caused by the construction of urban subway tunnel in China, the damage law of buildings and the prevention and control measures of building damage, the present research situation at home and abroad is analyzed, and the ground subsidence caused by subway tunnel construction and its damage and prevention Measures of research significance.

(2) From the subway project construction methods, construction steps caused by ground subsidence to start, analyze the causes of ground subsidence, and then analyze the ground subsidence on the building damage factors.

(3) Based on the general situation of Pengcheng Square Station of Phase 1 project of Xuzhou Urban Rail Transit Line 1, the engineering geology and hydrogeological environment, adjacent to the construction condition are analyzed and analyzed, and the reasonable construction method for the project is obtained. Open digging method.

(4) Based on the control standard of the foundation pit, the influence of the deformation of the foundation pit on the settlement of the ground and the influence of the ground structure are analyzed and analyzed. The influence of the ground subsidence and the influence of the building and the damage of the building standard.

(5) Based on the control of the ground subsidence, the construction measures of Pengcheng Square Station in the first phase of Xuzhou Rail Transit Line 1 are optimized, and the suitable foundation pit support scheme, protection of construction measures and on-site monitoring and protection are put forward. Adjacent to the building damage specific control measures and emergency programs.

Key words　 Ground subsidence，Foundation pit，Pengcheng Square Station，Building damage，Control standards，Prevention measures

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

引言 1

第1章 地铁隧道施工对建筑物的影响和防治措施研究分析 2

1.1 研究的意义 2

1.2 地铁隧道施工引起地面沉降及对建筑物的影响研究现状 2

1.3 地铁隧道施工对建筑物影响防治措施研究现状 3

第2章 地铁隧道施工对建筑物的影响 4

2.1 地铁工程施工方法 4

2.1.1 明挖法 4

2.1.2 盖挖法 4

2.2 开挖步骤对地面沉降的影响 5

2.3 地面沉降对建筑物的损伤 5

第3章 徐州城市轨道交通1号线彭城广场站工程概况 6

3.1 工程简介 6

3.2 工程地质及水文地质条件 6

3.2.1 工程地质条件 6

3.2.2 水文地质条件 7

3.3 施工准备 7

3.4 施工工艺 8

3.4.1 施工方法论证 8

3.4.2 施工主要步骤 9

第4章 彭城广场站施工对建筑物损伤的控制标准 10

4.1 对基坑的控制标准 10

4.1.1 基坑变形控制标准 10

4.1.2 基坑抗隆起、抗覆盖、抗滑移稳定性分析 10

4.1.3 结构位移内力分析及计算 11

4.2 施工引起的地面沉降对建筑物的影响规律 11

4.2.1 地表下沉对建筑物的影响 12

4.2.2 地表倾斜对建筑物的影响 12

4.2.3 框架结构变形破坏的一般规律 12

第5章 彭城广场站施工对建筑物损伤的防治措施 13

5.1 彭城广场站施工的具体优化措施 13

5.1.1 基坑支护结构方案的选择 13

5.1.2 施工措施保护 14

5.2 彭城广场站建筑物损伤的防治措施 15

5.2.1 施工监测保护 15

5.2.2 建筑物损伤的防治措施 16

5.3 毗邻建筑物的保护应急方案 16

5.3.1 组织应急救援系统 16

5.3.2 应急事故处理措施 16

第6章 结论与展望 17

6.1 结论 17

6.2 展望 18

参考文献 19

致谢 20