关于杭州城市热岛效应缓解措施之浅谈

摘要

城市热岛现象已经成为当今中国绝大多数城市乃至全世界大中城市面临的重要问题。文章综述了城市热岛的概况和形成的因素，对人们生活的影响、生态环境的影响。探讨了现有的城市热岛现象的缓解措施，分析了杭州市热岛现象的情况：杭州市区，尤其是杭州老城区的地表亮温明显高于周围地区，呈现出显著的热岛现象。从城市建成区与周边地区的气象温度对比度可以看出，2000至2015年，杭州城市的热岛效应呈递增趋势。主城区几个行政区热岛效应严重程度从强到弱依次为下城区、上城区、拱墅区、江干区、滨江区、西湖区、余杭区，而杭州市中心城区（上城区、下城区）表现出强烈的热岛效应现象。从而提出一些缓解杭州城市热岛效应的对策。

关键词　热岛效应 城市规划 防治措施 城市气候 

目录

摘要·······························································I

引言·······························································1

第1章 城市热岛效应的概念与成因···························2

1.1城市热岛效应的概念········································2

1.2城市热岛效应的形成因素···································2

1.2.1城市下垫面因素·········································2

1.2.2城市大气污染因素·······································2

1.2.3人工热源因素···········································2

1.2.4环境因素···············································2

第2章 城市热岛效应的影响···································3

2.1城市热岛效应对人体健康的影响····························3

2.2城市热岛效应对环境的影响································3

第3章 当前缓解热岛现象的方式方法························3

3.1合理规划、布局城市建设······························3

3.2科学建立城市生态廊道系统····························3

3.3加强生态湿地和水域保护······························3

3.4加大绿地覆盖率············································4

3.5发展公共交通··············································4

第4章 杭州的城市热岛效应和缓解措施·····················4

4.1杭州城市热岛特点·········································4

4.1.1杭州城市相对于热岛的低温区····························4

4.1.2杭州市“热岛效应”的演变特征··························4

4.2杭州的城市热岛效应的缓解措施···························5

4.2.1绿化城市及周边环境的缓解措施··························5

4.2.2技术改变缓解措施······································6

4.2.3城市规划与发展缓解措施································6

参考文献·························································7

致谢······························································8