浅谈钢筋混凝土结构裂缝成因及预防措施

范文摘要

建筑物钢筋混凝土结构的普遍应用，伴随着商品混凝土的推广，建筑楼面出现裂缝的机率在增加，日益受到社会人士关注；楼面结构出现裂缝原因复杂，有材料、温度变化等原因，也有设计、施工、使用等方面问题。混凝土工程中材料的特性决定了结构较易产生裂缝，从实践中来看施工中混凝土出现裂缝的概率也是很大的，相当一部分裂缝对建筑物的受力及正常使用无太大的危害，但裂缝的存在会影响到建筑物的整体性、耐久性，会对钢筋产生腐蚀，是受力使用期应力集中的隐患，应当尽量在各方面给予重视，以避免裂缝的出现或把裂缝控制在许可的范围之内。

关键词： 现浇钢筋混凝土楼面板，裂缝，原因及防治措施

目     录

一、混凝土裂缝的分类及成因··········································1

（一） 混凝土结构裂缝的分类·········································1

1、按裂缝的成因分类···············································1

  1.1 结构性裂缝·····················································1

     设计原因引起的裂缝···········································1

    施工原因引起的裂缝···········································2

    材料原因引起的裂缝···········································2

  1.2 非结构性裂缝···················································2

    收缩裂缝·····················································2

    温度裂缝·····················································2

    沉降裂缝·····················································2

二、混凝土裂缝的预防措施及处理技术··································4

（一）、混凝土裂缝的预防措施·········································4

1、设计措施·······················································4

2、施工措施·······················································4

3、技术措施·······················································5

4、塑性收缩裂缝预防措施···········································6

5、温度裂缝的预防措施·············································6

6、沉陷裂缝及其他裂缝的预防措施···································6

（二）、混凝土结构裂缝的处理技术·····································7

1、表面修补法·····················································7

2、灌浆、嵌缝封堵法···············································7

3、结构补强加固法·················································8

4、混凝土置换法···················································8

三、工程实例分析····················································9

四、结论与展望·····················································10

参考文献···························································11