沿海地区气候特征及风环境模拟分析

XCLW32845  沿海地区气候特征及风环境模拟分析  (字数：7174)

摘要

      选取1974~2003年深圳逐年大风日数资料,对沿海地区大风气候特征进行分析。结果表明:沿海地区全年有6个月以上处于大风多发阶段,以4月大风日数为最多。9月—翌年5月西北大风的发生频率为最高,而夏季东南大风所占比例最多,4~5月偏南和偏北大风发生频率相同。用Mann-Kendall方法做突变检验和t检验:4月大风日数在1996年出现减少的突变,其中偏北比偏南大风下降的年际变化趋势明显。用极值法,时空相结合地选取4月大风偏多偏少典型年,对同期500 hPa环流形势和距平场进行分析表明,当亚洲地区中高纬度盛行西北气流,并被较强负距平区控制时,易出现大风天气;反之,当亚洲地区中高纬度盛行偏西气流,并被较强正距平区控制时,大风日数偏少。

关键词：沿海地区；气候特征；模拟分析

Abstract

Based on the data of annual gale days in 1974~2003 in Shenzhen, the climatic characteristics of gale in coastal areas are analyzed. The results show that the coastal area has more than 6 months of the year, and the number of gale days is the highest in April. September to May the following year, the frequency of the northwest gale was the highest, while the southeast wind accounted for the largest proportion in the summer, and the frequency of the South and north wind occurred at the same time in 4~5 months. The Mann-Kendall method was used to do the mutation test and t test. In April, there was a sudden decrease in the number of strong wind days in the year of 1996. Using the extreme value method, the combination of space-time selection April winds few typical years, to 500 in the same period of hPa circulation and anomaly field of the analysis shows that when the Asia Middle and high latitude prevailing Northwest Airflow, and by a strong negative anomaly zone control, prone to windy weather; on the other hand, when in the Asian region high latitude prevailing westerly flow, and strong positive anomaly control, less windy days.

Key words: coastal area; climate characteristics; simulation analysis

目录

摘要 3

第1章 相关概念与理论 7

1.1 沿海地区 7

1.2 风环境模拟及其评价方法 7

第2章 深圳沿海地区气候特征及风环境需求 9

2.1 深圳的气候特征 9

2.2 深圳的室外风环境需求 9

第3章 深圳某片区风环境模拟分析 11

3.1 边界条件及网格设置 11

3.2 模拟结果 12

第4章 对深圳沿海地区住宅风环境设计的思考 14

参考文献 15

致谢 16