C县村民自治存在的问题及对策研究

摘 要

农业农村农民问题是关系国计民生的根本性问题，农村的发展和繁荣关系到国家的稳定和富强。党的十九大报告提出，健全自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系。同时，2018 年“中央一号”文件指出，当前，我国发展不平衡不充分问题在乡村最为突出，农村基层党建存在薄弱环节，乡村治理体系和治理能力亟待强化；落实产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕总要求。村民自治是我国乡村振兴战略中强化乡村治理体系的重要组成部分，但是随着中国经济的不断发展，社会主义建设各个方面取得巨大成就，村民自治的发展仍面临着许多问题。近年来，由于毗邻市区，受市区的带动作用 C 县发展迅速，但 C 县村民自治的发展仍存在诸多问题。因此，对 C 县村民自治进行深入研究，探究其中存在的问题，提出相应的对策建议，对于促进 C 县村民自治的发展，强化乡村治理体系具有重要意义。

关键词：村民自治；民主选举；民主决策；民主管理；民主监督

Abstract

Agricultural and rural peasants are fundamental issues related to the national economy and people's livelihood. The development and prosperity of rural areas are related to the stability and prosperity of the country. The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to improve the rural governance system which combines autonomy, rule of law and rule of virtue. At the same time, document No. 1 of the Central Committee of 2018 points out that at present, the problem of insufficient development in China is most prominent in the countryside. There are weak links in the Party building at the grass-roots level in the countryside. Rural governance system and capacity need to be strengthened urgently. The General requirements of industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance and prosperity of life should be fulfilled. Villagers'autonomy is an important part of strengthening the rural governance system in the strategy of Rural Revitalization in China. However, with the continuous development of China's economy, great achievements have been made in all aspects of socialist construction, and the development of villagers' autonomy still faces many problems. In recent years, C County has developed rapidly because of its adjacent urban areas, but there are still many problems in the development of villagers'autonomy in C County. Therefore, it is of great significance for promoting the development of villagers'autonomy in C county and strengthening the rural governance system to conduct in-depth research on villagers' autonomy in C county, explore the existing problems and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

Key words: villagers'autonomy; democratic elections; democratic decision-making; democratic management; democratic supervision

目录

一、 引言1

（一）研究背景1

（二） 研究意义1

二、C 县村民自治的基本情况2

（一）C 县行政区划概况2

（二） C 县村民自治情况2

三、 C 县村民自治存在的问题3

（一）村民及村干部文化素质偏低3

（二）村民参与民主决策的动力不足3

（三）乡镇政府干预村民自治的情况依然存在4

（四） 农村人才外流导致村干部缺少人才4

（五） 村“两委”关系仍然不够明晰5

（六） 民主选举中存在一定程度的贿选5

四、完善 C 县村民自治的对策建议6

（一）加强村民与村干部的教育6

（二） 提高村民自治意识与能力6

（三）转变乡镇政府对农村的管理方式7

（四）推进引进人才和留住人才工作7

（五）理顺“两委”关系7

（六） 加大整治贿选力度8

结论9

参考文献10