药源性肾损伤的分析及预防

XCLW36011  药源性肾损伤的分析及预防  (字数：5747)

摘要

随着生活水平的提高及老年化趋势，糖尿病及心血管疾病发病率增高、患者平均就诊年龄增高，这些都增加了药源性肾损害的潜在风险。药源性肾损害可严重降低患者的生活质量，给社会及患者家庭带来极大的经济负担，因此，预防药源性肾损害的发生具有极其重要的临床及社会意义。要有效预防药源性肾损害，须明确肾脏损害的病理机制及相关肾毒性药物有哪些，掌握与患者相关的危险因素，并采取相应的早期干预措施，木文将对此做一简单的论述，以期达到对药源性肾损害的预防、识别和早期干预，减少其临床发生率。

关键词　药源性肾损伤；病理机制；预防

abstract

With the improvement of living standards and the trend of aging, the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases increased, the average age of patients increased, which increased the potential risk of drug-induced kidney damage. Drug induced renal damage can seriously reduce the quality of life of patients, and bring great economic burden to the society and family. Therefore, it is very important to prevent the occurrence of drug-induced renal damage. To effective drugs in the prevention of renal damage, must be clear of renal damage in pathological mechanism and related renal toxicity of drugs which, master and patient related risk factors, and to take corresponding measures for early intervention, this paper will do this a simple statement, in order to achieve the drug-induced renal injury prevention, identification and early intervention and reduce the incidence of clinical.

Key words drug-induced renal injury; pathological mechanism; prevention

目录

摘要 I

第1章 药源性肾损伤简介 2

第2章 药物种类 3

第3章 病理机制 4

3.1 肾小球内血流动力学的改变 4

3.2 对肾小管细胞的毒性作用 4

3.3 炎症药物 4

3.4 结晶性肾脏病理损害 5

3.5 横纹肌溶解骨骼肌的损伤 5

3.6 微血管血栓形成 6

第4章 影响因素 7

4.1 年龄因素 7

4.2 基础疾病 7

4.3 药物联用 7

第5章 药源性肾损伤的预防 9

第6章 结语 10

参考文献 11

致谢 11