科技英语词汇的特点及翻译

题目（英文）The Characteristic and Translation of Words in EST 

题目（中文） 科技英语词汇的特点及翻译  

Abstract

Along with the fast development of science and technology, EST (English for science and technology) has been attached importance to popularity. And those words in EST are the foundation of it. The source of the EST words divides into three big classes on the whole (1) Innovated Technical Terms, (2) Old Words with New Meanings, (3) Non-technical words. There is also a lot of regularity in the word-formation processes in the EST such as compounding, abbreviation, affixation, blending etc. Our English majors always form the main body of translators. It is inevitable that we may be faced with some EST words translation in our study and work. Some problems also occurred in translation of EST words with our professional skills, but they meant to be solved. The translation of EST has already become a big subject, and it is the translation of the words in EST exactly that has been regarded as the foundation of this subject, it divides into two major kinds of literal translation and free translation. Literal translation subdivides into three methods: (1) Transplant, (2) Transliteration, (3) Pictographic translation; free translation also subdivides into three methods: (1) Deduction, (2) Extension, (3) Explanation. And the combination of the literal and free translation is another wise approach. Objectivity is required and those subjective points of view should be avoided in translation of EST.     

Keywords EST words; Classification; Word-formation; Translation

Contents

Abstract I

Contents II

Introduction 1

1. Characteristics of EST Vocabulary 2

1.1 The Definition of the EST and Its Words                            2

1.2 Classification of EST Vocabulary 2

2. Old Words with New Meanings 3

2.1 Common Words with Specific Meanings 3

2.1.1 Words from Literature or Myth 3

3. Word-formation of EST Vocabulary                                4

3.1 Compounding                                                  4

3.1.1 Compound Nouns                                             4

3.2 Compound Adjectives 4

3.2.1 Compound Verbs 4

4. Abbreviation 5

4.1 Affixation 5

4.1.1 Back-formation 5

4.2 Blending 5

4.2.1 The Problems Occurred in Translation of EST Words 5

5. Problems in Translation of Common Words with Specific Meanings         6

5.1 Problems in Translation of Technical Terms                            6

5.1.1 The Basic Translation Methods of Words in EST                     6

5.2 Literal Translation 6

6. Transliteration                                                     7

6.1 Pictographic Translatio                                             7

6.1.1 Free Translation 7

6.2 Deduction                                                       7

6.2.1 Extension                                                       7

7. Explanation                                                       8

7.1 Combination of Literal and Free Translation 8

8 .Conclusion 9

References 10