海明威《永别了，武器》的象征意义分析

Abstract

  Ernest Hemingway is the famous writer in the 20th century American literature. He believed that a minimal use of words would give the strongest effect. The only catch is he has to know how to use symbolism and how to maximize its potential once he wrote novels. He used the symbols for special scenes, which included snow, rain, plain, and mountain, with different variety of meaning to highlight the cruel, distressed, bitter and bleak atmosphere of the war and reveals the people's depression, weakness and despair in the war. Moreover, the characters also have the strong symbolic implication. The symbolism in A Farewell to Arms, the writer of his thesis holds, is not accidental but organic. It pervades the whole novel and provides tunes of ineffable significance, which some critics neglect. In fact, symbolism plays an important role in Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms. It makes the setting rich and influences the characterization and it also helps to work out the theme of the novel. Consequently, this paper mainly discussed the symbolic meanings of the weather, the landscape and the characters in the novel, and explains their significance and value in the appreciation of the literature.

Key words：Symbolism;Characters;Weather;Landscape

摘   要

海明威是20世纪著名的美国小说家。他认为使用越少的词语越能发挥语意作用。唯一的关键就是，他在写小说的时候，非常了解如何使用象征手法才能最大限度地发挥其作用。在雪、雨、平原和山等不同的场景下他使用了不同的象征含义，突出了残酷、苦涩和凄凉的战争气氛。揭示了在战争中，人们的虚弱，抑郁和绝望等情绪。此外，人物也具有很强的象征含义。本文认为，《永别了，武器》的象征运用，不是偶然的而是有意为之的。象征手法贯穿了整部小说，并提供了不言而喻的基调，其中也包括一些批判者的不予采纳。事实上，象征手法在海明威的这部《永别了，武器》中扮演了重要的角色。为了使小说更加生动形象，也有助于理解小说的主题。因此，本文主要进行天气，景观和小说人物的象征分析，并阐述了该手法在文学鉴赏下的意义和价值。

关键词：象征主义；人物；天气；景观