单元机组燃料控制系统分析

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单元机组燃料控制系统分析
摘要
 燃料是指在燃烧过程中能够产生热量的物质。电厂锅炉是耗用大量燃料的动力设备，燃料的性质对锅炉工作的安全性和经济性有重大的影响。对于不同的燃料，要采用不同的燃烧方式和燃烧设备。因此，对于锅炉设计和运行人员来说，了解燃料的性质和特点是很重要的。
 大型单元机组容量大，各部分之间联系密切，相互影响很大，尤其是燃料品种的多变，投入燃料供给装置的台数不同等因素对系统的影响，因此一般需要单独设计一个燃料量控制系统。
 锅炉燃烧过程包括三个调节任务：即维持气压、保持最佳空燃比和保证炉膛负压不变。与此相应，有三个控制回路分别调节燃料量、送风量、引风量，从而构成了多参数的燃烧过程控制系统。对于控制系统的选择和燃料种类、燃烧设备以及锅炉与汽轮机的连接运行方式等有密切关系。
 

关键词：燃料；锅炉；汽轮机；协调控制系统；机炉控制系统；

 
THE ANALYSE OF FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM OF UNIT
Abstract
 Fuel is the matter that could product lots of heat energy when it burns. And boilers of the electricity power factory are the equipments that exhaust a great deal of fuel. The quality of the fuel is significant and vital effect on the boilers running safely and economically.
 It is necessary to choose different burning methods and sorts of burning equipment for kinds of fuel. Hence it is high time that the professional people to get the knowledge of fuel, including its distinguishing feature, quality and so on.
 Since the large-sized unit has been gradually used widely, and the every parts of the unit have close connection meanwhile they affect the others, it is necessary to design a control system to control the situation of the fuel.
 There are three modulating tasks in the burning of boiler, containing barometric pressure, maintain the fuel-air ratio control of combustion process, and hold the constant combustion chamber negative pressure.
 Corresponding to the three tasks, three control circuits control the quality of fuel, the quality of wind and Air quantity of blower, which constitutes the burning control system. It has closely connection to the fuel control system.
 

Keywords: fuel; boiler; steam turbine; Coordinated Control System; control system of boiler-turbine

目    录
摘要  I
ABSTRACT II
1绪论 1
1.1课题背景 1
1.2单元机组自动控制 1
1.2.1概述 1
1.2.2主要系统的功能及特点 2
1.2.2发展 3
2.协调控制系统 4
2.1协调控制系统 4
2.1.1协调控制的基本概念 4
2.1.2单元机组协调控制系统概述 5
2.1.3单元机组协调控制系统的基本要求 7
2.2机炉协调控制 9
2.2.1负荷管理控制中心功能 11
2.2.2机炉主控制器的主要功能 13
3.燃料控制系统 14
3.1燃料量控制系统 14
3.1.1.1燃料量调节 15
3.1.1.2燃料量指令限制回路 16
3.1.1.3 增益补偿 19
3.1.2燃料主控制系统 21
3.1.2.1输出限幅 24
3.1.2.2机组甩负荷 25
4结论 26
参考文献 27

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