基于单片机与CPLD的LED点阵

XCLW15590  基于单片机与CPLD的LED点阵  (字数：6874)

摘  要

LED点阵显示屏虽然发展迅猛，但是在实际应用中仍然存在功能单一、更改显示信息麻烦、灵活性和可移动性差、可控制性差等诸多缺点。由于它的控制系统均是基于嵌入式微处理器开发，所以单片机在其中也占有一席之地。但是，由于LED显示屏控制较复杂，特别是对于显示特殊效果，如循环移动、覆盖霓虹灯效果，要求处理器运算速度快、执行效率高，无抖动、闪烁、重影等现象。因此，LED显示屏的设计中既要考虑硬件因素，同时还要考虑到显示数据组织方式，通过软硬件结合的方法才能设计出一款性价比较高的控制电路。所以如何在成本尽可能低的情况下，要求能够正常、清晰、稳定地显示，如何来合理选择、利用单片机硬件来设计出一款效果优异的LED电子显示屏是本选题的研究方向。

本课题将针对平常用户使用过程中功能单一、更改显示信息麻烦、灵活性可移动性差、可控制性差等缺点进行一些研究并设计一个新型实用的LED点阵显示模组。多个单元板之间可以通过接口电路实现级联，进而组成大型显示系统,方便在各种场合使用。采用单片机与CPLD相结合的控制方式，大大的增强系统的可控制性，配有上位机软件，可以通过PC机无线远程更新显示内容。具有显示内容更换、显示花样选择（包括静态、定时换屏、左右移动、上下滚动等方式）。

关键词：LED点阵，显示屏，单片机，远程更新

Abstract

LED dot matrix display screen while developing rapidly, but still exists in the practical application of single function, change the display information of trouble, flexibility and mobility is poor, poor controllability of many shortcomings.Because of its control system are developed based on embedded microcontroller processor, so SCM also occupies a place in it.But, due to the LED display control is relatively complex, especially for show special effects, such as the circular movement, covering the neon effect, request processor operation speed, high efficiency, no shake, flicker, the phenomenon such as ghosts.As a result, the design of LED display should not only consider the hardware factors, should also consider to display the data organization, through the combined method of software and hardware can control circuit designed a high cost performance.So how in the case of cost as low as possible, the requirements to function, clear, steady, according to how to reasonable selection, the use of single-chip computer hardware to design a good effect of LED electronic display is this topic research direction.

This topic will be for normal users in the process of using single function, change the display information of trouble mobility, flexibility is poor, poor controllability disadvantages, some research and design a new type of LED dot matrix display module.Multiple unit board can be realized through the interface circuit between cascade, thus form a large display system, convenient to use in various occasions.By adopting the combination of single chip microcomputer and CPLD control way, greatly enhance the controllability of system, equipped with PC software, can by PC wireless remote update the display content.With the display content change, pattern selection (including static, timing change screen, move around, scroll up and down).

Keywords: LED dot matrix, Display, Single chip microcomputer, Remote update

目  录

摘  要 3

Abstract 4

一、引  言 6

1.1国内外研究现状 6

1.2 本课题的切入点 7

二、LED点阵显示屏的理论基础 7

2.1 LED屏的应用基础 7

2.1.1 LED 7

2.1.2 LED显示屏 8

2.1.3 LED显示屏的技术参数 8

2.2 LED点阵模块 8

三、方案设计 9

3.1系统框图 9

3.2 控制方案 9

3.2.1 单片机 9

3.2.2 CPLD 10

3.3 显示方案 10

四、系统硬件设计 10

4.1 显示屏显示驱动电路 10

4.1.1列驱动电路 10

4.1.2行驱动电路 11

4.2 显示屏主控制电路 12

4.2.1主控CPU 12

4.2.2存储器扩展 12

4.2.3通信接口 13

4.2.4总线驱动接口 13

五、系统软件设计 14

5.1 上位机软件设计 14

5.1.1上位机软件功能 14

5.1.2上位机软件开发 14

5.1.3上位机软件示例 16

5.2 下位机软件设计 16

5.2.1单片机程序设计 16

5.2.2 CPLD程序设计 17

六、系统测试结果 17

6.1 系统硬件展示 17

6.1.1 控制板 17

6.1.2显示板 18

6.2 显示屏显示效果 18

七、参考文献 18

八、致谢 19