永磁同步电机转子结构优化设计

摘要

为降低内置式永磁同步电机输出转矩脉动，研究了一种采用折线形永磁体，转子铁心表而采用分段圆弧结构，并在圆弧连接点处开角形槽的转子优化的设计方法。介绍了转子的拓扑结构，并对磁场及齿槽转矩进行了解析分析；采用Taguchi法确定关键参数的最佳取值组合，并与传统“一”形结构电机性能进行对比。首先比较分析了内置式永磁同步电机不同转子结构及其性能特点，使用等效磁路法建立了空载电动机的等效磁路模型，经过剖析计算出空载气隙磁密度，并经过有限元模仿对其进行验证，然后建立了3相4极24槽内置式永磁同步电动机的二维有限元模型，接着完善电机，电机调速范围在优化后扩大了百分之五十，最后优化电机的转矩。

关键词　磁场；有限元仿真；永磁同步电机；转子；结构优化

Abstract

In order to reduce the output torque ripple of the built-in PMSM, a rotor optimization design method is studied, which uses a broken line permanent magnet, a segmented arc structure and an angle groove at the arc connection point. The Taguchi method is used to determine the best combination of key parameters, and the performance of the motor is compared with the traditional "one" structure. Firstly, the different rotor structures and performance characteristics of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor are compared and analyzed. The equivalent magnetic circuit model of the no-load motor is established by using the equivalent magnetic circuit method, and the no-load air gap magnetic density is calculated and verified by the finite element simulation. Then a two-dimensional finite element model of 3-phase, 4-pole, 24 slot built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is established.   On this basis, the motor is optimized, and the speed range of the optimized motor is expanded by 50% compared with that before optimization. Finally, the torque of the motor is optimized.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous motor; rotor; structure optimization

目  录

摘要 I

Abstract I

引言 1

一、永磁同步电机 2

（一）国内外研究 2

（二）永磁同步电机理论 2

二、拓扑结构 4

（一）原拓扑结构介绍 4

（二）拓扑优化设计 4

（三）参数优化设计 4

三、磁场及齿槽转矩分析 6

（一）气隙磁场分析 6

（二）齿槽转矩分析 6

四、内置式转子冲片优化分析 8

（一）转子冲片有限元模型 8

（二）拓扑优化模型 8

（三）形状尺寸优化模型 8

五、实例验证及优化 9

（一）优化目标和约束条件 9

（二）粒子群算法 10

（三）实例验证 10

（四）Taguchi 法参数优化 12

结语 15

参考文献 16

致谢 17