基于PLC的直线同步电机控制系统的设计

范文编号:ZD202 范文字数:24980,页数:64

摘 要
本文介绍了直线同步电机的发展、原理、结构和特点，以及它的控制方法。随着节能要求的提高，直线同步电机逐渐应用于石油开采行业。在详细了解游梁式抽油机和井外式直线电机抽油机的使用情况后，为了解决游梁式抽油机效率低、能耗高和井外式直线电机抽油机不能应用于斜井的问题，本课题设计了直线同步电机抽油机系统。
潜油式直线同步电机抽油机，顾名思义就是直线同步电机装在井下的抽油机。这种抽油机也是采用直线电机做驱动装置，不同的是将电机装在井下，将定子固定在井壁，通过做直线运动动子驱动抽油装置做往复运动实现抽油。不需要使用做垂直运动的抽油杆来驱动抽油泵，解决了斜井的抽油问题。这种抽油机能够应用在斜井、深井，扩大的应用范围，有非常好的应用前景。
文章主要设计了基于欧姆龙CMP1A可编程控制器和汇川MD320变频器的潜油式直线同步电机抽油机控制系统；设计了上位机程序、PLC程序及上位机和下位机的信号通信。
该抽油机控制系统能够实现抽油机高效运行，能够达到节能降耗和提高产量的目的，并将大大提高抽油机系统自动化程度，节约油田的成本。该系统具有控制精度高，运行可靠性高，操作简便等特点，达到了油田生产的要求。它还能够应用在深井和斜井，具有一定的推广价值。

关键词：潜油式直线同步电机；抽油机；可编程控制器；组态王

Abstract
This paper introduced the development,principle,structure and features of linear synchronous motor(LSM),and the control methods of the LSM.With the improvement of energy-saving requirements.LSM is gradually applied to oil exploration industry.The paper learned more about the use of Beam Pumping Unit and Well Linear Motor-pumping Unit.In order to solve the problems of low efficiency,high energy consumption of BPU,and WLMPU can not be used for inclined shaft,the paper put forward a new design of  linear motor pumping unit whose motor is at the bottom of the oil well.
Submersible oil-pumping unit linear synchronous motor, as the name suggests is the linear synchronous motor mounted on the underground pumping unit.This unit is also used to do linear motor-driven devices.The difference is that motor will be installed at underground,the stator in the fixed wall.Do move in a straight line through the campaign-driven pumping device to do to achieve pumping back and forth movement.Do not require the use of the vertical movement of the rod to drive the pump,Inclined to solve the problems of pumping, this unit can be used in the inclined shaft. There is a very good prospect.
The paper designd a control system of PSLSM pumping unit which is based on OMRON PLC and huichuan MD320 inverter.Design of monitor and control procedure, PLC, inverter and a special-purpose transformer in this control system.
This pumping unit control system can realize high effect of oil pump;achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption and improving output.It will put the pumping unit automation to a high degree,and save cost of oil field.This system has some characteristics which are high control precision,high running reliability and simple operation and has met the oil field requirements.It can be applied in deep well and inclined well and,had certain promotion value.

Keywords: Submersible Linear synchronous motor;Pumping unit;Programmable Logic Controller;Kingview

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