猪繁殖与呼吸综合征诊断和防制

摘要

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）近年来在世界范围内迅速蔓延而成为养猪业的重要威胁。2006年以来，“猪高热综合征”肆虐我国养猪业，高致病性猪蓝耳病是其主要致病病原之一。现有疫苗在免疫原性以及交叉保护性方面的作用均值得商榷，此外对于蓝耳病病毒的毒力因子的探寻仍无定论。本文主要是通过对PRRS发现，到研究其致病PRRSV的病原学、流行病学、病理学、实验室的诊断等诸多方面作一综述；并在采取诸多防制方面如疫苗免疫、环境净化、疫病监测的研究做一梳理；并对PRRSV的前景所面临的问题和困难加以讨论。旨在为好的生产环境提供参考，并为研究PRRS这一领域做铺垫，最终使人类能快速战胜这一病种并能合理为目的。现将综述内容简述如下： 

关键词　猪繁殖与呼吸综合征；高致病性猪蓝耳病；诊断；防制； 

目录

摘要  ····························································Ι

目录  ····························································1

目录   ···························································2

第一章猪繁殖与呼吸综合征诊断研究进展  ····························3

1.1 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征初步诊断  ··································3

1.1.1  PRSSV 病原学   ············································3

1.1.2 流行病学   ·················································4

1.1.3 临床诊断   ·················································4

1.1.4 病理变化    ················································5

1.1.5 初步诊断小结 ···············································5

1.2 实验室综合诊断   ·············································5

1.2.1 病毒的分离与鉴定   ·········································5

1.2.2 血清学实验   ···············································5

1.2.2.1 免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞实验（IPMA） ·······················5

1.2.2.2 间接荧光抗体技术    ······································6

1.2.2.3  ELISA   ·················································6

1.2.2.4  HA和HI 试验    ·········································6

1.2.3   免疫胶金技术   ···········································6

1.2.3.1  彩色免疫金银染色法(IGSS)   ······························6

1.2.3.2  斑点金免疫渗滤测定法   ··································7

1.2.3.3  胶体金免疫层析法   ······································7

1.2.4  分子生物学    ·············································7

1.2.4.1 套式PCR  ················································7

1.2.4.2 多重PCR  ················································7

1.2.4.3 实时荧光定量PCR    ······································7

1.2.4.4  PCR-RFLP    ·············································8

1.2.4.5 核酸探针原位杂交技术  ····································8

1.2.5   实验室诊断小结    ········································8

第二章 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征防制  ··································10

2.1 疫苗接种    ·················································10

2.1.1弱毒疫苗  ··················································10

2.1.2灭活疫苗   ·············································11

2.1.3核酸疫苗   ·············································11

2.2 净化  ····················································12

2.3 其它管制  ················································12

小结与展望    ················································12

参考文献      ················································13

致谢         ···························