试析韩非法治思想的现代价值

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摘  要
社会存在决定社会意识，思想理论的产生并非偶然，有其深厚的历史根源，它是由其所处社会的政治经济客观因素和思想意识主观因素所决定的产物。韩非的法治思想产生于战国末期，他认为德治、礼治等不能解决乱世中的社会矛盾，在“礼崩乐坏”的乱世中提倡德治、礼治是不合时宜的，只有法治才是治乱世之道。于是，他全面总结了春秋战国以来各国的变法历史经验，批判地继承和发展了商鞅、申不害、慎到的思想，形成了系统的“法”、“术”、“势”相结合的法治理论。该法治思想作为特定历史的产物，在中国古代思想史上占有重要的地位，对中国的传统文化产生了重要的影响，这些影响有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。韩非的法治思想虽然目的是为了加强君主专制，与现代的法治思想有本质的区别，但它作为宝贵的文化遗产，对现代中国的法治建设仍有一定的现实价值。所以，我们要正确看待韩非的法治思想，吸收其精华，弃其糟粕，做到古为今用。
关键词：韩非 ，法治 ，法 ，术 ，势
         

Abstract
Man's social being decides his social consciousness. The emergence of thought or theory was not accidental but deep in historical root, it is the product that determined by the objective factors of political economy and subjective factors of ideology in the social. Han Fei’s legalist thought rose at the end of the Warring States, he considered that the rule of virtue and the rule of Li can not solve the social contradictions at the troubled times. the rule of virtue and the rule of Li were not suited to turbulent days in which the virtue and Li had been destroyed，and the rule of law is the only way to govern the social. So he summarized the historical experiences of institutional reforms of every kingdom since the Spring and Autumn Periods and the Warring States, inherited and developed Shang Yang's, Shen Bu hai's and Shen Dao's legalist thoughts critically, and formed the combined legalist thought of "law", "strategy" and" power" systematically. The rule of law as the specific historical product , were important in the ancient ideological history of China, has greatly influenced Chinese traditional culture, and it has positive aspect and negative aspect. Although Han Fei’s legalist thought aims to strengthen despotism, are essential different from the modern legalist thought,  as a valuable cultural heritage, it still has real value to the rule of law in modern China. So we must appraise Han Fei’s legalist thought accurately, absorb the quintessence and abandon the waste matter in order to make the past serve the present.
Key word:  Han Fei ，rule of law ，law ，strategy ，power

目    录
摘 要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
引  言………………………………………………………………………………………1
一、韩非法治思想的概述………………………………………………………………2
（一）韩非法治思想产生的历史背景………………………………………………………2
1.经济基础的变化导致社会的变化…………………………………………………2
2.政治动荡，但统一趋势日益明显……………………………………………………2
3.文化上百家争鸣………………………………………………………………………3
 （二）韩非法治思想的主要内容……………………………………………………………3
1.“不务德而务法”的法治理论…………………………………………………………4
2.以“法”为本的“法”、“术”、“势”三结合体系…………………………………4
二、韩非法治思想的评析……………………………………………………………5
（一）韩非法治思想的积极成分……………………………………………………………6
1.以法为本，以法为教…………………………………………………………………6
2.法不阿贵，刑无等级，反对特权……………………………………………………6
3.明法去私………………………………………………………………………………7
4.法治实现的原则………………………………………………………………………7
（二）韩非法治思想的消极成分……………………………………………………………8
1.积极鼓吹君主独裁……………………………………………………………………8
2.推崇阴谋权术…………………………………………………………………………8
3.主张重刑轻罪…………………………………………………………………………9
4.重农抑工商……………………………………………………………………………9
5.极端反对德治…………………………………………………………………………10
三、韩非法治思想的现代价值…………………………………………………………10
 （一）发扬韩非“以法为本，以法为教”的精神，加快我国法治建设………………11
 （二）将韩非“法律面前人人平等”的主张赋予新时期的内涵………………………12
 （三）将韩非“明法去私，循名责实”的主张用于公务员制度建设…………………13
 （四）发扬韩非“法一而固”与“因时制宜”的主张，完善我国法律体系…………14
 （五）合理运用韩非的重刑主义思想，不断强化我国的反腐败斗争…………………15
四、结 语……………………………………………………………………………………16
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………17
致 谢………………………………………………………………………………………18

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