证人出庭难的原因及对策思考

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摘     要
       证人出庭作证在英美法系国家的诉讼过程中是一个十分普遍的现象，他们的法律明确规定证人应出庭作证，并且有相应的配套措施保障它的施行。我国尽管法律明确规定了证人有出庭作证的义务，但是在司法实践中，证人不出庭作证的现象十分普遍，直接影响司法公正和诉讼效率。本文将从证人出庭难的现状、证人自身、立法和司法上原因来进行分析，提出证人出庭难的对策，以确保我国证人出庭，从而提高司法审判的效率，维护法律正义。
关键词：证人出庭  职权主义   证人适格
      
Abstract
 Witnesses to testify in common law countries in the course of the litigation is a very common phenomenon,they clear the legal provisions of witnesses should testify in court, and a corresponding supporting measures to ensure its implementation. China even though the law clearly defines the obligations of witnesses to testify in court, but in judicial practice, witnesses not to testify phenomenon is widespread,that directly affect the course of justice and efficiency of the proceedings. This article aspects and so on present situation which, harm, legal cause will appear in court from witness will carry on the analysis, proposes that witness appears in court the difficult countermeasure, guarantee that our country witness appear in court, thus enhances the judicial trial the efficiency, to uphold the law of justice.
Keywords：The appearance of witnesses,Authority Principle, Suitable witnesses
 
  
目    录
摘要 ...........................................................II
Abstract....................................................... III
引言 ..........................................................1
一、我国关于证人出庭的现状 ....................................2
（一）立法现状 .................................................2
（二）实践现状................................................. 2
二、证人出庭难的原因.......................................... 4
（一）证人自身的原因........................................... 4
（二）立法上的原因 .............................................4
1.立法规定的矛盾 ...............................................4
2.立法内容的不明确............................................. 5
3.审判制度的不完善............................................. 5
4.证人权利义务的失衡 ...........................................5
5.缺少证人拒证的法律后果的规定 .................................7
（三）司法上的原因............................................. 7
1.法官对证人出庭作证比较消极................................... 7
2.司法人员缺乏对证人的保护意识 .................................7
3.司法资源的缺少............................................... 8
4.传统的职权主义审判方式造成的影响 .............................8
三、证人出庭难的对策.......................................... 9
（一）立法方面的措施 ...........................................9
1.完善证人出庭作证的经济补偿制度 ...............................9
2.建立和完善证人的保护制度..................................... 9
3.建立证人适格制度，实行免证权................................. 10
4.建立强制证人出庭制度..........................................10
5.完善我国的审判制度. ..........................................10
（二）司法上的措施............................................. 10
1.加大法制宣传的力度，增强法律意识 .............................10
2.提高司法人员自身素质 .........................................11
结  语 .........................................................12
参考文献 .......................................................13
致  谢....................................................... ..14

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