论被告人的辩护权保障

摘    要

      刑事诉讼法设立的基本目的在于防止过于追求惩治犯罪的效率而使犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的权利遭受不当的侵犯。保障被告人的辩护权是保障被告人基本人权的一个重要方面，是对国家追究犯罪力量的一种制衡，显示了维系刑事诉讼合理构造的需要，是刑事诉讼人权保障价值目标的体现。我国现行刑事诉讼法在保障被告人辩护权方面与国际人权公约中的最低保障标准有着巨大的差距，主要表现在：指定辩护范围狭窄、律师阅卷权受限制、律师调查取证权缺少保障以及律师职业豁免权缺少规定。这些问题已经严重阻碍了我国刑事诉讼制度的现代化、国际化。因此，保障被告人的辩护权已是当务之急。强化有效辩护，建立审前证据开示制度，保障律师调查取证权以及规定律师执业司法豁免权都能保证被告人辩护权的有效实施。

关键词 ：被告人 辩护权 国际公约 保障

Abstract
       Discussion on the Protection of the Defendant's right to defense
The basic aim of the Criminal Procedure Law is to prevent excessive pursuit of punishing crime and protect defendant from improper violations. Defendant’s right to defense is an important aspect to the fundamental rights of the accused, and it form an effective control-mechanism on the public right of state and demonstrate the demands about maintaining reasonable judicial procedure and manifest the value of criminal suit. Compared with the minimum standards of international conventions, there are some disparities, for example: the scope about designated defending and the right of lawyer to examine the records are limited, lack of security provisions on lawyer’s investigative power and judicial immunity. These problems have seriously hampered the modernization and internationalization on system of criminal action. Therefore, protecting defendant’s right to defense is the top priority. We must strengthen valid defense and establish the pre-trial show on evidence and guarantees the judicial immunity on lawyers.

Keywords: defendant; right to defense; international-conventions;

目        录

摘  要 …………………………………………………………I页
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………II页
引  言 …………………………………………………………1页
一、 辩护权的涵义…………………………………………1页
（一）辩护权的概念 ……………………………………………1页
（二）辩护权的重要性 …………………………………………2页
二、辩护权的嬗变 …………………………………………4页
（一）辩护权的历史沿革 ………………………………………4页
（二）我国被告人辩护权的发 …………………………………5页
三、现行刑事诉讼法在保障被告人辩护权方面与国际标准的差距

 ………………………………………………………………7页
（一）指定辩护范围狭窄 ………………………………………7页
（二）辩护律师阅卷权受限 ……………………………………8页
（三）律师调查取证权缺少保障 ………………………………9页
（四）律师执业豁免缺少规定…………………………………10页
四、加强对被告人辩护权的保障…………………………12页
（一）强化有效辩护……………………………………………12页
（二）建立审前证据开示制度…………………………………14页
（三）保障律师调查取证权……………………………………15页
（四）规定律师执业豁免权……………………………………16页
结  论…………………………………………………………18页
参考文献………………………………………………………19页
致 谢 …………………………………………………………20页