我国夫妻法定财产制度问题研究

摘要

我国《婚姻法》关于婚姻双方财产制度的研究得到的成果并非一蹴而就的。我国现行《婚姻法》不仅确定了约定及法定财产制，还增设了个人特定财产制。但由于我国实际法律实践情况导致我国现行的法律关于婚姻双方财产的固定仍存在权限划分不清、范围过宽及司法实践操作性不强的问题，这些问题是真正解决婚姻双方财产问题的羁绊。

本文将重点对我国的夫妻法定财产制度进行分析，为此笔者将文章分为四个部分：在第一部分当中对法定夫妻财产制度作出概述，分析法定夫妻财产制度的概述、特征及价值；在第二部分当中阐述我国现行的法定夫妻财产制度，分别阐述夫妻共同财产制度和夫妻个人特有财产制两种财产制度；本文的第三部分和第四部分是本文的重点，主要侧重于分析我国现行的法定夫妻财产制度存在的问题和缺陷，比如，从立法角度来看，关于该制度的立法原则相对滞后；对共同财产的范围规定不够明确等问题。在文章的最后一部分当中，笔者将有针对性的提出解决现存问题的建议。

关键词　夫妻财产制;法定财产制;共同财产制

Abstract

The results of the marriage law of our country on the property of the two parties are not completed at one time, but have been changed and perfected many times. The current marriage law in China not only establishes the contract and legal property system, but also sets up the personal property system. But due to the reality of our country legal practice of our country's current law about marriage property of fixed purview division is still not clear, the scope is too wide and the judicial practice interoperability is not strong, these problems are really solve the problem of marriage property.

This article will focus on our country's legal property system of husband and wife were analyzed, and thus the article is divided into four parts: in the first part Outlines the statutory marital property system, analysis of the legal marital property system overview, features and value; In the second part, we expound the existing legal couple property system in our country, respectively expounding the two kinds of property system of husband and wife common property system and personal property of husband and wife respectively. The third part and the fourth part of this paper is the focus of this article, mainly focuses on the analysis of existing problems of the current statutory marital property system in China and defects, for example, from the Angle of legislation, legislative principles about the system lags behind; The scope of common property is not clear enough. In the last part of the article, the author will put forward some Suggestions to solve the existing problems.

Keywords: Marital property; system Legal property system; Common property system

目    录

摘要 I

Abstract II

引言 1

一、法定夫妻财产制度概述 2

（一）法定夫妻财产制度的概念 2

（二）法定夫妻财产制度的特征 2

1.以合法夫妻为主体 2

2.以法律强制性为保障 2

3.以法定内容为基础 2

4.区域与民族性特征明显 3

（三）法定夫妻双方财产制度的价值 3

二、我国现行法定夫妻财产制 4

（一）夫妻共同财产制 4

1.共同财产范围界定不断明确 5

2.重视对弱势方的保护 5

3.保护了市场上的交易安全 5

（二）夫妻中的个人特有财产制 6

（三）夫妻共同债务认定 7

1.夫妻共同签字即可认定夫妻共同债务 7

2.家庭日常生活所负的债务应认定为夫妻共同债务 7

3.大额债务需债权人举证夫妻共同负债 7

三、我国法定夫妻财产制存在的问题 8

（一）立法原则较为滞后 8

（二）对人力资本的相关规定较缺乏 8

（三）财产分割方法上的缺陷 8

四、对我国法定夫妻财产制的完善建议 10

（一）明确统一的夫妻财产制原则 10

（二）明确夫妻共同财产的范围 10

1.个人财产的赔偿 10

2.个人财产的收益 11

3.因受赠与而获得的财产 11

（三）明确夫妻共同财产权的权能 11

（四）增加设置非常法定的财产制 11

1.适用情形 11

2.制度启动的主体和具体启动程序 12

3.法律效力 12

结语 13

参考文献 14

致谢 15