网络问政困境研究 (2)

中文摘要

近年来，在全球经济一体化浪潮的猛烈冲击下，在我国改革开放大环境的影响下，政府改革与治理逐渐引起了人们的重视，成为学术界与实务界共同关注的焦点，公民参政意识被唤醒，素质逐步提高，再加上大数据技术的广泛应用，网络问政也得到了前所未有的发展，技术形式与内容成功地实现了无缝衔接，大数据与网络问政之间的联系愈发紧密。怎样从传统治理模式过渡到大数据治理模式，如何增强虚拟社会管理能力，如果能找到这些问题的答案，社会管理就会实现创新发展。

网络问政是现代科技迅猛发展的产物，是一种全新的政治参与形式，其能否向着预期的方向发展，与网络科技与民主的发展具有密不可分的联系。所以，既要意识到网络问政的优势，也要及时制定出合理有效的措施，争取早日创建阳光政府，以网络问政促进中国民主政治的发展。

本文从网络问政背景出发，研究国内外研究现状，从中分析我国当前网络问政存在问题网络法律缺失，问政缺乏保障、网络监督缺位，问政信息不安全、网络社会虚拟，问政者身份识别缺等几方面问题，并针对问题提出出台网络问政基本法，加强网络问政法律保障、加强网络监督，科学管理网络问政、建立网络发言人制度，优化网络问政机制等相关解决对策。

关键词：网络问政；信息；困境；策略

英文摘要

In recent years, under the fierce impact of the wave of global economic integration and under the influence of China's reform and opening-up environment, government reform and governance have gradually attracted people's attention and become the focus of common concern of academia and practice. Citizens'awareness of political participation has been awakened, their quality has been gradually improved, coupled with the extensive use of big data technology. The application of network politics has also been unprecedented development, technology forms and content have successfully achieved seamless convergence, and the relationship between big data and network politics has become increasingly close. How to transition from traditional governance mode to big data governance mode, how to enhance the management ability of virtual society, if we can find the answers to these questions, social management will achieve innovative development.

Network politics is the product of the rapid development of modern science and technology. It is a new form of political participation. Whether it can develop in the expected direction is closely related to the development of network science and technology and democracy. Therefore, we should not only realize the advantages of network politics, but also formulate reasonable and effective measures in time to strive for the early establishment of a sunshine government to promote the development of China's democratic politics through network politics.       

Starting from the background of network politics, this paper studies the current research situation at home and abroad, and analyses the problems existing in network politics in China, such as the lack of network law, the lack of guarantee of network politics, the absence of network supervision, the insecurity of political information, the fictitious network society, and the lack of identification of politicians, etc., and puts forward the network to solve these problems. The basic law of network politics, the legal guarantee of network politics, the supervision of network, the scientific management of network politics, the establishment of network spokesperson system, and the optimization of network politics mechanism are the relevant countermeasures.        

Key words: network politics; information; dilemma; strategy 

目录

绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1

一、大数据时代下网络问政的概述………………………………………………2

  （一）网络问政内容分类………………………………………………………2

  （二）网络问政渠道……………………………………………………………2

  （三）网络问政平台的队伍建设………………………………………………3

  （四）国内外研究现状…………………………………………………………3

  （五）大数据时代下网络问政的意义…………………………………………5

二、我国当前网络问政现状分析…………………………………………………6

  （一）政府方面的困境…………………………………………………………6

  （二）技术方面的困境…………………………………………………………7

三、网络问政之“阳光政府”……………………………………………………8

  （一）阳光政府的概念…………………………………………………………8

  （二）阳光政府的配套制度……………………………………………………8

  （三）建设阳光政府的工作要点………………………………………………8

四、网络问政发展过程中存在的问题……………………………………………9

  （一）网络法律缺失，问政缺乏保障…………………………………………10

  （二）网络监督缺位，问政信息不安全………………………………………10

  （三）网络社会虚拟，问政者身份识别缺失…………………………………10

五、解决网络问政发展的问题对策分析…………………………………………10

  （一）出台网络问政基本法，加强网络问政法律保障………………………10

  （二）加强网络监督，科学管理网络问政……………………………………11

  （三）建立网络发言人制度，优化网络问政机制……………………………11

六、结论……………………………………………………………………………12

参考文献……………………………………………………………………………13