关于幼儿园教育小学化问题思考

中文摘要

伴随知识经济时代的到来和现代社会竞争的日益加剧，人们越来越意识到童年期的知识学习和素质发展对他未来生存的重要性。现代社会对儿童教育的关注和重视达到了空前的程度。希望孩子快成才、早日成才的迫切心理，促使人们将应日后接受的学业过早地转嫁到了幼儿时期。在诸如“不让孩子输在起跑线上”、“学习×××从娃娃抓起”等各式各样的舆论媒体的鼓噪下，很多孩子就在幼儿园里就开始了小学的学习。读、写、算之类的小学化课程及其技能训练，挤占了幼儿的游戏活动，这样势必压抑孩子的快乐成长。幼儿园小学化倾向严重地违背了幼儿身心发展的特点和早期教育的基本规律，也势必影响到幼儿教育甚至整个教育的健康发展。笔者试图运用学前教育的相关原理，对幼儿教育小学化的原因、危害进行分析和阐述，并试图从中寻求纠正这一教育误区的对策和方法，以为能够真正遵循儿童的身心发展规律，促进幼儿健康和谐地快乐成长，构建一个科学合理的幼儿园教育实践体系，提供有益的启示和参考。全文分成四部分：

第一部分：幼儿园教育小学化的表现。结合幼儿园教育的实际，阐述幼儿园教育小学化的表现。

    第二部分：幼儿园教育小学化的危害。分析幼儿园教育小学化对于幼儿身心发展的弊端和危害，以及对幼儿教育事业的发展、家庭科学育儿观念的宣传，乃至教师的专业成长等方面所产生的负面影响。

    第三部分：幼儿园教育小学化的原因透析。造成幼儿教育小学化的原因是多种多样的，从表层分析：有幼儿园的原因，家长的原因；从深层分析：有社会的原因，教育的原因。本节将从不同的层面进行系统的论述。

    第四部分：克服和避免幼儿教育小学化的对策性思考及建议。从实际出发，提出切实可行的对策，强化家园联系工作，实现家园共育；密切幼小教育沟通，实现幼小衔接；对幼儿进行科学的评估，以纠正幼儿园教育小学化的偏差。

关键词：幼儿教育小学化，幼小衔接 ，危害，对策性思考

目录

1.引言···································································1

    1.1研究背景··························································1

    1.2研究的目的和意义··················································1

    1.3幼儿园教育小学化核心概念的界定····································1

2.幼儿园教育小学化的表现·················································2

2.1幼儿园在常规教学中学科化严重，过于注重科学性知识学习··············2

2.2幼儿园教育在不断地超前化··········································2

2.3幼儿园教育教学中运用游戏的形式越来越少····························3

2.4幼儿游戏和自由活动的时间越来越少··································3

2.5幼儿的行为规范硬套小学的规范标准··································4

2.6对幼儿作业规范要求更符合小学的标准································5

3.幼儿园教育小学化的危害··················································5

    3.1影响幼儿的健康成长，违背儿童身心发展的规律························5

 3.2不利于幼儿的全面发展。·············································6

3.3过早地体验学习压力。···············································6

    3.4与小学教育不衔接、不连贯。·········································6

    3.5背离幼儿教育的基本规律与原则······································7

    3.6导致幼儿教育的不良竞争············································7

    3、7影响幼儿教师的专业成长···········································7

4.幼儿教育小学化的原因分析···············································8

4.1现代社会的大环境··················································8 

4.2激烈的生存竞争加重了心理负担······································8

4.3应试教育的影响····················································9

4.4幼儿园发展的市场化················································9

4.5幼儿园对自身职能认识不明确并受家长牵制····························9

4.6、幼儿园教育活动中游戏的缺失······································10

5.避免幼儿教育小学化的对策性思考及建议···································11

5.1更新教育观念，端正办园指导思想····································11

5.2注重宣传，营造良好的社会氛围······································11

5.3多方密切配合，做好幼小衔接········································12

6.结束语·································································13

   6.1培养孩子良好的习惯················································13

   6.2培养孩子良好的品质················································13

6.3培养孩子良好的学习态度和对待上学的愉悦心情························13

6.4给孩子准备独立的空间··············································13

参考文献·································································14