浅谈高中英语语法教学 叶桂菊(二)

   习惯用不定冠词的短语
a bit 一点儿              a cup of一杯            have a fine/good time 玩得痛快
a depth of 深度为         a few 几个              have a break小憩
a glass of一玻璃杯        a good many许多         have a breath呼吸
a great deal (of) 许多      a great many  许多        have a chance 有机会
a handful of 少量         a kind of  一种           have a hand in插手某事
a total of 总共            a length of 一节          have a bath洗澡
a little一点儿            a moment later 片刻之后   have a cold感冒
a lot of 许多             a loaf of 一条            have a happy life过着幸福生活
a pair of 一对，一双      a piece of一张，一片     have a headache头痛
a large number of很多的   a type of 一类            have a lie-down躺下
a variety of 种种         all of a sudden突然        have a rest休息
as a matter of fact 事实上  as a result 结果           have a say (in)（对）… 有发言权
as a rule 一般来说       at a loss不知所措          have a stomachache胃痛
catch a cold（患）感冒   keep an eye on 照看；注意  have a swim游泳
do sb a favour帮某人忙   lend a hand  帮忙         have a try试一试
many a 许多            pay a visit to 访问         take an interest in 对…感兴趣   
with a free hand慷慨地    with a firm hand 坚决地    have a walk散步
附录2
定语从句用法一
 关系代词引导的定语从句
 who可引导定语从句，指人，在从句中作主语（非正式英语中也可作宾语）。He who laughs last laughs best.     The man who I saw is called Smith. 他不是那种背信弃义的人。
 whom可引导定语从句，指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。The person (whom) you wish to see has come.           那就是我喜欢的女孩。
 whose可引导定语从句，指人或物，在从句中作定语。He is a shallow thinker, whose opinions aren’t worth  much. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 小心！不要接近那所房子，房子的屋顶正在修理。
 which可引导定语从句，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 The flowers which are planted in the garden are blooming. The novel which I read three times is very touching. 我们去年参观的那个农场是我叔叔的。
 that可引导定语从句，指物，也可指人在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。The letter (that) I received from him yesterday is very important. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.           那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
 as可引导定语从句，既可以单独引出定语从句又可与主语中的the same或such相呼应，从句中谓语动词常省略。The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, as was agreed beforehand. I have never seen such a man as you talked about. 我从未听过他讲的这类故事。Her attitude to him was quite the same as it has always been.他和从前不一样了。
 引导定语从句的关系代词前有时有介词，这类从句中的介词放在从句的末尾时关系代词可以省略。       The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without which we would have lost our way.
附录3
语法专题: 状语从句用法一
高考真题
I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ______.
 A. at last      B. in case        C. once again          D. in time
The WTO cannot live up to its name ______ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
 A. as long as    B. while         C. if           D. even though
John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ______ he phones.
 A. as long as     B. in order that        C. in case            D. so that
— Our holiday cost a lot of money. — Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoy themselves.
 A. unless          B. in case         C. as far as          D. as long as
— I want to find a part-time job at college.
— That’s a good idea. In my opinion, ______ it doesn’t affect your studies.
 A. now that       B. in case         C. unless            D. providing that
This is an illness that can result in total blindness ______ left untreated.
 A. after            B. if            C. since               D. unless
______ you have made a promise, you should carry it out.
 A. Until         B. Once           C. For              D. While
8.  Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
 A. whether       B. after             C. how            D. unless
9.  My parents don’t mind what job I do ______ I am happy.
 A. even though       B. as soon as        C. as long as     D. as though
10. ______ you call me to say you' re not coming, I'll see you at the theatre.
    A. Though         B. Whether  C. Until          D. Unless
11. You must keep on working in the evening ______ you are sure you can finish the task in time.
 A. as  B. if    C. when   D. unless
12. ______ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
 A. Unless   B. Because  C. Although  D. When
13. ______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.
 A. Even if          B. If only        C. While            D. Once
14. In time of serious accidents，______  we know some basic things about first aid, we can  save lives.
 A. whether   B. until     C. if        D. unless
15. I won’t call you, ______ something unexpected happens.
    A. unless      B. whether        C. because             D. while
16. ______ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.
 A. If          B. Since         C. Though             D. When
17. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.
   A. though B. before        C. until              D. if
18. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day.
 A. ever since         B. even if           C. soon after             D. in case
19. You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.
 A.before  B.once        C.until          D.though
20. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ______ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest.
   A. why             B. how                 C. unless           D. where
21. ______there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time.
 A．Because        B．If            C．When          D．Unless
22. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house ______ there is a power out.
 A. if       B. unless      C. in case         D. so that 
23. — Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
 — I don’t mind where we get ______ there’s sun, sea and beach.
 A. as if           B. as long as         C. now that         D. in order that
24. A small car is big enough for a family of three ______ you need more space for baggage.
 A. once               B. because          C. if         D. unless 
25. Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow ______ I forget.
 A. though           B. so that           C. in case          D. until
26. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ______ it rains or it’s very cold.
   A. since            B. if                 C. unless          D. until
解析：条件状语从句的引导词有
if（如果）；unless（if…not除非，如果不）；once （一旦）；as(so) long as（只要）；in case, suppose / supposing (that) （万一，以防）；on condition that 条件是；provided / providing (that)…  以…为条件，假如

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