提高学生的口语能力(三)

  If there is something wrong with a student 's pronunciation, then, obviously, he can't understand what's on in the communication. And increasingly it will influence the student's confidence of communication. So teacher of English should help students lay a solid base of English phonetics, which includes accurate pronunciation, good intonation, sound linking, plosive and strong and weak forms .It is proved that students with good pronunciation and intonation have obvious advantages in speaking just as a writer's opinions can be obtained by reading between the lines, a speaker ’s intention can be revealed from the intonation and tunes he uses. For example, the students of one of my classes aren’t often vigorous when I ask them to read after me, they often read slowly. Then I read loudly, and then the students read louder, too.  What’s more, it is also proved that good pronunciation and tunes not only help himself develop the confidence of English learning, but also help others surrounding him try to improve their speaking ability. As the youth have a strong presented expect and most of them hope that they can have fluent and pure English then become the focus and the admiring people to the public, which make them have a better confidence in their life. 4.3 Give more chances to the students to develop their speaking ability as well as the other three skills (listening, reading and writing)    In class, the students should be given more time to speak and they can't be regarded just as audiences, which will not have a good teaching effect and the student's speaking ability also can't be trained .The teachers should let the students take part in the class. In JFFC textbooks, there are many interesting dialogues and stories. So the teachers should let the students act the dialogue out or make another dialogue with their own words as possible as they can. And there’re many riddles and chants in the textbooks. So the teachers can take the formation of competition to let the students imitate and follow the tape and see who is the winner. Next, the teachers can also arrange for the students to retell the stories, which they are more interested in.  And the students also estimate their favorite ball players. In a word, the teacher can take all kinds of activities to encourage them to speak. Meanwhile, the four skills should be regarded as a whole, which influence with each other and promote mutually.  To speak more, they are demanded to listen more first. For example, let the students listen to the original tape and English songs and let them imitate pure English pronunciations constantly. When their pronunciation is pure increasingly, their speaking ability will be improved comprehensively. Then, the student should write more. Writing can help the students consolidate the knowledge and strengthen their ability of understanding and memories. Last, the students should read more. Reading can help to form a good sense of language and know the western conditions and customs, then widen their knowledge. Also, reading can help them know more vocabularies and more native English. After all, semantics is consisted of words. The more words they know, the wider and easier they communicate. For example, there are two classes having been trained for two years for reading. The speaking of the students in those two classes is obvious better than other students in our English corner. So accumulating the students’ vocabulary is very necessary.  4.4 Accumulate the students' vocabulary in order to speak well    During the speaking English, the communication often is interrupted by a word, which the students don't know. So the vocabulary is obviously important. So during the teaching English, besides letting the students remember the words they've learned. What more important is to teach the way which how to remember more words, After learning the rule of spelling and pronunciation, the students should be encouraged to read and remember the words in their own way and master the links between the words, and then improve the effect of remembering words. The teachers also should encourage the students that when they do some reading, they should guess the words' meaning according to the context. At the same time, it is also important to improve the ability to look up the words in the dictionary. If a student is rich in his vocabulary, then it must be helpful for his speaking ability. What’s more, a large vocabulary is quite good for students to summarize a text. So after teaching a text, students are often asked to retell it in their own words, for speaking communication largely depends on the quality of one's organization and summation. We can say that the words are the building materials of language. There will be no buildings if there are no materials. What’s more, the rich vocabulary also has an influence on the reading, translation, the writing and the listening. We can say that the rich vocabulary is the basis of speaking English well. 4.5 Enlarge the students' background knowledge.     Language is an important carriage of culture. There are close links between them, when you learn language, you must know some knowledge about culture, and then you can understand and express some meaning correctly. So the new syllabus presents a new demand that know the world correctly and strengthen the understanding to English countries' culture. According to it, the teacher should both grasp the textbook as usual and know the culture of English countries reflected in the textbook carefully during their English teaching. When the students can do it after the teachers, they can get the basic knowledge and communicating ability by the training of listening, speaking, reading and writing. For example, in our textbook, the sentence "Can you help me?” can be answered with "Yes, certainly, sure, surely and of course."  But these answers have different meanings. The answer of yes is comparably impolite, while certainly is more polite. Sure or surely are often used in American English. And of course has the meaning of a little fool. So when you communicate with the elder people, you must pay more attention to use of course. From the above, we know that it's more important to use the proper language on different occasion, besides teaching the students the words and sentences. So it's necessary to know the background knowledge about culture of English countries. If the students know it more, then obstruct their speaking ability less. And it will promote the speaking communication then push the speaking ability further development.    Above all are only parts of the ways. Their own hard work and studying ways also can't be ignored.
5. Conclusion.    It is quite clear that speaking is very important to both the teachers of English in middle schools and their students. As a teacher of English, we should flexibly carry out the five-step teaching approach to improve the quality of 45-minute class, get a way to explore new and effective teaching methods and to take an active part in English teaching innovation. At the same time, as students of English, they should be aware of the importance of cultivating their speaking ability in their daily studies.    In conclusion, like building a house, learning English takes some time, so don't be impatient. Remember, Rome was not built in a day. With the help of the teachers, as long as students command a good knowledge of English grammar, and do more oral and listening practice, the speaking ability of students is surely to be greatly improved.
Notes:
① Kean Qiu:“The English language,”The World of English,Sep,1996,P28② Language And Culture,P4③ Teaching syllabus for Middle School,P2④ Teaching syllabus for Middle Schoo,P9⑤ Modern Linguistics,P17⑥ Yuan Boping,Foreign language Teaching And Research,July,2003,P261
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