PLC在电梯自动化控制中的应用

范文编号:ZD068    字数:22033,页数:61  

摘 要
近年来，由于城市的发展，伴随着建筑物向高层发展的进程，电梯作为一种纵向交通设备，已经成为日常生活中不可缺少的必需品。电梯的种类多种多样，按控制方式来分有信号控制电梯，集选控制电梯，下集选控制电梯等。
本设计主要完成了PLC在电梯自动化控制中的应用，综合经济性能及可靠性等几大因素，在电梯控制系统中选择了FX2系列PLC，它是三菱公司高性能小型机的代表作。由于电梯的运行是根据楼层和轿厢的呼叫信号、行程信号进行控制，而楼层和轿厢的呼叫是随机的，因此，系统控制采用随机逻辑控制，即在以顺序逻辑控制实现电梯的基本控制要求的基础上，根据随机的输入信号，以及电梯的相应状态，适时地控制电梯的运行。系统中PLC是控制系统的核心，电梯的各种信号送到PLC，然后又由PLC发出控制信号和指示信号给门控装置和楼层显示器去控制电梯的运行状态，PLC根据输入信号和呼叫信号对目前电梯所处的位置自动确定电梯的运行方向，到达目的层后，自动地平层、停车、开关门，在运行过程中显示电梯的实际位置和运行方向，同时完成对呼叫信号的登记、保号、消号等工作；对电梯运行中的一些特殊情况，如急停、超载、冲顶、撞底等自动进行处理或报警。
本文在软件方面主要完成了层楼继电器回路、选向回路、选层回路、指令和召唤回路的设计。
 
关键词：集选控制；随机逻辑控制；顺序逻辑控制

Abstract
    In recent years, as a result of the urban development, followed the building to the high-level development advancement, the elevator is taking one kind of longitudinal traffic facilities, already became in the daily life the essential essential item. Elevator's type are many and varied, comes the minute according to the control mode to have the signal control elevator, the collection elects to control the elevator, the last part chooses the control elevator and so on. this design has mainly completed PLC in the elevator automation control application, mixed economy performance and reliable and so on several big factors, has chosen FX2 in the lift control system series PLC, it is the Mitsubishi Corporation high performance small machine's representative works. Because elevator's movement is according to the floor and the sedan theater box calling signal, the traveling schedule signal carries on the control, but the floor and the sedan theater box's call is stochastic, therefore, the systems control uses the random logic control, namely, in realizes in elevator's basic control request foundation by the order logical control, According to the stochastic input signal, as well as elevator's corresponding condition, at the right moment controls elevator's movement. In the system PLC is control system's core, elevator's each kind of signal delivers PLC, then sends out the control signal and the pilot signal by PLC controls elevator's running status for the gating installment and the floor monitor, the PLC basis input signal and the calling signal the position which locates to the present elevator determines elevator's movement direction automatically, After arriving at the goal level, the automatic horizontal level, the parking, the switch gate, in the movement process demonstrated that elevator's physical location and the movement direction, simultaneously complete to the calling signal registration, number work and so on guarantee the number, to disappear; To elevator movement's some peculiar circumstances, like stops, the overload, to flush anxiously goes against, hits the bottom and so on to carry on processing or the warning automatically. This article mainly completed the level building relay return route in the software aspect, to elect to the return route, to choose the level return route, the instruction and summons return route's design.
Key word: The collection chooses the control; Random logic control; Order logical control

目 录
第1章 绪论   1
1.1 引言   1
1.2 电梯的发展   1
第2章电梯设计的总体方案   3
2.1 硬件设计方案   3
2.2 软件设计方案   3
第3章交流双速电梯的原理及电气线路  5
3.1 电梯原理介绍  5
3.2 电机主电路  7
3.3 电气控制线路  8
第4章 PLC选型及I/O编号分配   10
4.1 四层四站双速客梯控制系统PLC选型  10
4.1.1 常用PLC及其简介   10
4.1.2 FX2系列可编程控制器   11
4.1.3 电梯系统PLC输入输出点的确定   16
4.2 PLC的I/O编号分配  16
第5章电梯控制系统  19
第6章系统程序设计  21
6.1 层楼继电器电路的实现   21
6.2 指令和召唤回路   23
6.3 选向回路  27
6.4 选层回路   30
6.5 电梯的运行线路  32
6.6 电梯门的控制   38
第7章电梯故障分析  41
第8章 结论   42
参考文献   43
致谢   45
附录  46
附录  56

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