信贷简介

中文字数:2540,中文页数:3  英文字数: 1444页数:5

 信贷简介
 商业银行向不同目的的借款人提供不同类型的贷款，对大多数客户来说，银行信贷是其可借到的借款融资的主要来源，对银行而言，好的贷款是最能获利的资产。像任何投资。一样，向企业或个人贷款意味着承担风险以获较高收益。收益主要表现为贷款利息、手续费和新存款的投资收入这几种形式。银行承担的最突出的风险是信贷风险。许多因素可致贷款收不会。整体经济的原因会导致整个行业如能源业与农业不景气。工厂的不景气可能因技术的进步、工人罢工和管理不善而引起。个人借贷者会发现他们的还贷能力与商业盛衰周期密切相关，因其个人收入会随商业盛衰周期而时多时少，贷款作为一个整体是银行资产中最易亏损的一块，因此银行通常定期地预留很大数量的准备金以应付可预见的贷款损失。

Credit: An Introduction
Fredcric S．Mishkin The Economics of Money—Banking and Financial Markets
 Commercial banks extend credit to different types of borrowers for many different purposes. For most customers, bank credit is the primary source of available debt financing. For banks, good loans are the most profitable assets. As with any investment, extending loans to businesses and individuals involves taking risks to earn high returns. Returns come in the form of loan interest, fee income, and investment income from new deposits. The most prominent assumed risk is credit risk. Many factors can lead to loan defaults. An entire industry, such as energy and agriculture, can decline because of general economic events. Firm-specific problems may arise from changing technology, labor strikes, or bad management. Individual borrowers find that their ability to repay closely follows the business cycle as personal income rises and falls. Loans as a group thus exhibit the highest charge-offs among bank assets, so banks regularly set aside substantial reserves against anticipated losses.

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