AnanalysisofculworshipinBriishandAmericanfilms_开题报告

Research background

the Jonestown massacre

(CNN) -- On Nov. 18, 1978, 909 Americans were led to their death by the Rev. Jim Jones in a mass murder-suicide pact in a South American jungle, shortly after Jones' gunmen killed a visiting U.S. congressman and four others at a nearby airstrip.

Rev. Jim Jones with children

One-third of the victims were children. Many were killed by Jones' aides, who squirted cyanide down their throats.

Of the nearly 1,000 church members who began the day in Jonestown, a cult commune, only 33 survived to see the next day.[1]

The definition of cult

There were some very famous cults in the United States. For example, science education, people's temple education, AUM's truth education, Heaven Gate Education

。 AUM's truth education is also well known in textbooks because of the sarin gas incident of Tokyo subway that he made in 1995.To understand the cult, and in the film to explore the phenomenon of cult worship. There are many kinds of cult. In this paper, we only discuss destructive cult. "Destructive cult" generally refers to groups whose members have, through deliberate action, physically injured or killed other members of their own group or other people.

The difference between ordinary religion and cult is that cult must have destructive worship behavior, which can be physical or spiritual.Destructive cults have various characteristics. However, there are some common features of these cults.

These three characteristics are:

1. A charismatic leader is increasingly the object of worship when the basic principles that may initially sustain the order fail.

2. Adopt a way called compulsory persuasion or "ideological transformation".

3. Economic, sexual and other exploitation of its members by leaders and dominant cliques.

The four basic characteristics of destructive worship and cult listed by sociologist enros (1990) are summarized

1. A living and charming leader.

2. Preach the omnipotent divine lineage of leaders.

3. Absolute obedience to leaders.

4. Establish social boundaries to isolate and oppose group members from the mainstream society. [1]

Cult worship behavior

Self-immolation

Self-immolation is the act of killing oneself for political or religious reasons, particularly by burning. It is often used as an extreme form of protest or in acts of martyrdom. It has a centuries-long recognition as the most extreme form of protest achieved by mankind. [2]

Human sacrifice

Human sacrifice is the act of killing one or more humans, usually as an offering to a deity, as part of a ritual. Human sacrifice has been practiced in various cultures throughout history. Victims were typically ritually killed in a manner intended to please or appease gods, spirits or the deceased, for example, as a propitiatory offering or as a retainer sacrifice when a king's servants are killed in order for them to continue to serve their master in the next life. Closely related practices found in some tribal societies are cannibalism and headhunting. [3]

Research object

In American and British films, there are films of religious worship.

research meaning

In fact, people live to reach a certain age or a certain level of wealth. When our desires are not satisfied for a long time, or we often feel empty and helpless. Especially when the daily medical means and drugs can not better solve our spiritual problems. At this time, we are deeply introspecting ourselves from our hearts, or from our beliefs. A scholar once wrote in an article that Chinese people are lack of faith. It is hoped that this paper can not only popularize some popular religious knowledge, but also help us find more suitable beliefs. We can live in a world where we are often confused. When we are in a bad situation, we are more fully prepared mentally. I hope that the content and conclusion of this article can help more people in the future religious choice.

Outline

Definition of religion

The definition religions

The definition of cult

The difference between ordinary religion and cult

Films with strong religious color

Silent hill

Constantine

cult worship in reality and in movies

Cult news

The scene of cult worship in the film and the sacrificial forms it shows

practical significance of cult worship

Common purposes of cult belief

The influence of cult worship on real life

How to distinguish cult

Impact on society

conclusions and suggestions

3 References

[1] CNN, Inside the Jonestown massacre[EB/OL]. (2008-11-13) [2020-04-9] ://.cnn.com/2008/US/11/12/jonestown.factsheet/index.html?_s=PM:US

[2] Wikipedia, Self-immolation[EB/OL]. (2020-3-26) [2020-04-9] s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-immolation

[3] Wikipedia , Human sacrifice[EB/OL].(2020-3-25)[2020-04-9] s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_sacrifice

[4] 吕大吉. 关于宗教本质问题的思考[J]. 中国社会科学，1987，５. s://.guancha.cn/culture/2015_04_14_315805.shtml

[5] 吕大吉. 宗教是什么?——宗教的本质、基本要素及其逻辑结构[J]. 世界宗教研究,1998，02

[6] 薛彦莉. 美国邪教“撒旦教”述论[J], 中共济南市委党校济南市行政学院济南市社会主义学院学报,1999,04

[7] 戴马, 试论康斯坦丁对基督教建设的贡献[EB/OL]. (2016-05-19) [2020-03-29] ://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10284-1016132437.htm

[8] Matrix, 带我回到寂静岭[EB/OL]. (2010-04-12) [2020-03-29] s://movie.douban.com/review/3160832/

[9] Ent, 《康斯坦丁》的宗教世界观和宗教典故[EB/OL], (2008-09-11) [2020-03-29] s://movie.douban.com/review/1494086/

[10] 西谷启治, 宗教是什么[M].台湾：联经出版公司，2011

[11] 未来电影局，盘点影史十大恐怖片，《招魂》只排第六[EB/OL]. (2018-09-12) [2020-03-29] s://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1611379337080322047&wfr=spider&for=pc

[12] MONO, 10 部让你质疑宗教与信仰的电影[EB/OL]. (2018-09-30) [2020-03-29] s://.sohu.com/a/257149323_332573