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关于中英文化中色彩词汇的比较Acomparisonofcolorwordsinenglishandchineseculure_开题报告

Ktbg1855 关于中英文化中色彩词汇的比较Acomparisonofcolorwordsinenglishandchineseculure_开题报告1.开题报告主要内容包括：封面、文献综述、^范文提纲（需提供二级提纲）、参考文献（10篇以上）。2.字体：宋体，字号：小四，行间距：18磅。字数2000字以上。（英语专业要求字体为：Times New Roman，英文书写，900个..

关于中英文化中色彩词汇的比较Acomparisonofcolorwordsinenglishandchineseculure_开题报告 Ktbg1855 关于中英文化中色彩词汇的比较Acomparisonofcolorwordsinenglishandchineseculure_开题报告

1.开题报告主要内容包括：封面、文献综述、^范文提纲（需提供二级提纲）、参考文献（10篇以上）。

2.字体：宋体，字号：小四，行间距：18磅。字数2000字以上。（英语专业要求字体为：Times New Roman，英文书写，900个英语单词以上）

3.开题报告格式规范参考如下：

一、文献综述

Culture, in a broad sense, means integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that is both a result of and integral to the human capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations. Culture thus consists of language, ideas, beliefs, customs, symbols, etc. Culture reflects a total way of life of a people in a community. Every human society has its own particular culture, or socio-cultural system, and culture is so inclusive that it permeates virtually every aspect of human life and influences predominantly people’s belief and behavior, including linguistic behavior. In this sense, language symbolizes cultural reality. Each language has its own metaphors that provide semantic cohesion within its boundaries. Motivated by the need and the desire to influence others, act upon them or even only to make sense of the world around them, people choose to use words which may invite subtle denotative meaning, connotative meaning or ironic meaning, or all of them, during the process the cultural meanings of the words are created and gradually stereotyped.

Color words are one of the illustrations of the cultural differences in language use, which we may come across in our daily life. From the scientific definition, color is a visual phenomenon launched, reflected or caused through certain light wave by the object; it is one kind of visual essential features of human eye[3] . While on the basic color words, there is not so much difference in English and in Chinese, in Chinese, there are 赤(chi)、橙(cheng)、黄(huang)、绿(lv)、青(qing)、蓝(lan)、紫(zi)，and in English there are red, yellow, green, blue and purple, black and white, color words in each nation’s language differ from one anther in the world.

The history of color words has gone through a long-term change; now the color words not only express the color, but also imply the cultural factors of each country, different cultures can reflect one country’s history, aesthetic taste and national psychology. It is the bright and colorful nature which provides the place for life and the foundation for developing. Therefore, it is of great importance to study color words to find out how they reflect cultural differences in both the original and target language and why they can influence our daily life.

This paper mainly attempts to make a brief study of some typical cultural lorded color words expressions in both English and Chinese, and analyze the reason for different culture connotation between English-Chinese color words.

The study on the differences between Chinese and English color words has a long history. Many scholars have made deep research on the color words and generally form their own theories which have been accepted by the translation field. These researches include the research on the basic color words, color words and color concepts, the translation and the pragmatic meaning of color words, the social and cultural connotation of color words, etc. These books or articles have given very detailed explanation on the color words.

Culture is a very important factor in the translation for color words. There are many studies at home and abroad. They study the phenomena in different ways and from different aspects. In west countries, color terms are popular in fields like philosophy, physics, psychology, art and so on. The oldest theory in color terms’ history is Aristotle’s Black and White Theory, in which color is made up of hue, luminosity and saturation. At that period, all colors were thought as different degrees of mix of white and black. Black and White Theory was ended by Newton who saw seven colors of the sunlight through prism. Other theories appeared at the same time, such as Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis and Cognitive Linguistics. In spite of the relationship between these theories, they all admitted color terms’ important position in English. “Different nations have different cultures and take the different colors as special” (Lu Hogmei, P 134, 2006).

However, from all these books, most scholars emphasize on the way of translating them. Given to most of the books on the translation of English color words, the scholars have found out some common ways to translate these words. The first is literal translation. We use this way when we can find the equivalent words in both the Chinese and the English. For example, "White house", "白宫", "red figure", "赤字". The second way is transliteration. That means when you want to translate, you have to understand the usage and its cultural connotation and know clearly the real meaning, symbolic meaning and deeper meaning. Meanwhile, you have to ignore the original meaning of the color words and translate the words according to the text. For example, “You look blue today. What’s wrong with you?” 你今天看起来闷闷不乐，你怎么了! The third way is to add or odd the words. To better translate the original text, sometimes we have to add or odd the color words to make the translation perfect. For example, “The smoke made him cough. He coughed harshly, his face lit like a tomato.” 烟使他呛起来。他难受地咳着，脸胀得像番茄一样红。The forth way is explanation. Different color words have their own special meaning. Only if you explain them properly, can the reader truly grasp them. For example, “Everybody says she is the White Boned Demon, an evil spirit who often took the guise of a charming woman in the novel Pilgrimage to the West.” 人人都说她是个白骨精。

These are the four ways which we often use to translate the color words. When we translate, we can use the ways accordingly to make the best translation.

Through the forming of color terms in China, color terms originate from people’s daily lives. A lot of plants’ names are used as color terms, especially after the improving of painting, dying and ceramics. “Blue comes from a kind of plant called blue, and red comes from the plant called madder” (Luo geng, P8, 2004). Many Chinese color terms come from the name of plants or minerals. Although there is no theory about the forming of color terms in Chinese history, it is possible to learn a lot of historical things which have relationships with colors. Countless color terms can be found in Chinese poems, essays and novels. The following instances are some typical examples.

The English color words were embodied with abundant cultural connotations and obvious national features. Accordingly, their meaning is spread. The eight basic color words have many matches. In certain back ground, the color words don't represent their original meaning any more (zhang Lili, 2009).

Here in my thesis, I mainly focus on some color words both in Chinese and English. We know there are many conspicuous contrasts between the two languages, so the color words are. Scholars have explored them for hundreds of years. I am interested in this subject either. I write this paper based on the research of those great persons and roughly explore the cultural and linguistic gap between the two languages concerned. In addition, this thesis also discusses why these color words can reflect different cultural connotation which is not often mentioned in others’ articles.

二、^范文提纲

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Literature Review

3 The Differences between English-Chinese Color Words

4 The Reasons for Different Culture Connotation between English and Chinese Color Words

4.1 Natural Environments

4.2 Historical Backgrounds

4.3 Literatures and Arts

4.4 Political Backgrounds

4.5 Religious Beliefs

5 Conclusion

References

三、参考文献

[1] Sin-wai Chan & Pollard D. E.. Chinese—English. English—Chinese: An Encyclopedia of Translation. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2015

[2] Gu Jiazu, Lu Sheng, Language and culture, Shanghai: Foreign Language Education Press, 2014.6.

[3] Chinese and English Dictionary, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2015.(2).

[4] Advanced Learner’s English Chinese Dictionary，Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2014.(5).

[5]Venuti, L. Strategies of Translation: A Rout Ledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. New York: Rutledge, 2013.

[6]包惠南. 《文化语境与语言翻译》. 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2013.

[7]包惠南，包昂. 《中国文化与汉英翻译》. 北京：外文出版社，2014.

[8]殷莉;从习语中的动物喻体看汉英词语文化上的不对应[J];安徽大学学报;2011年04期

[9]刘国忠;隐喻与跨文化交际[J];安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2013年05期

[10]林兰;英、汉习语的文化内涵及其翻译[J];安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版);2015年06期

[11]张剑屏;浅议英语人名习语的来源[J];成都教育学院学报;2015年03期

[12]Schinstock, D.E., Cuttino, J.F. Real time kinematic solutions of a non-contacting, three dimensional metrology frame[J]. Precision Engineering. 2014, 24(1)

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