OnheTranslaionofScenic-spos’Inroducion–ACaseofTranslaionofAgriainmen_开题报告

I．Literature Review

With the further development of China’s reform and opening up to the world, the international culture communications with foreign countries are increasing and the tourist industry has become a very popular industry. China has become an attractive and important destination for international visitors to learn about its long history, profound culture and unique customs. More and more foreign tourists come to visit China. Although they have great interests in Chinese culture and Chinese scenery, they know little about China. Most Western tourists usually get their first-hand knowledge about China by reading brochures offered by travel agencies and tourist information put on the Internet by private travel agencies or local tourism administrative bureaus. Therefore, in order to attract more foreign people to visit China, large quantities of Chinese tourist texts have been translated into English so as to appeal their interests in China and provide them with the information. We can say the international tourism calls for the need of tourism translation, while tourism translation helps promote international tourism. Therefore, it’s necessary to conduct a study on translation of tourism translation. 

As a research paper, this paper reviews domestic scholars’ previous researches on the translation of Scenic-spots’ introduction first and selects Skopos Theory as the theoretical framework. On the basis of author’s translation practice, this paper selects agritainment as study objects and further analyzes the features at lexical level, and discoursal level. Under the guidance of Skopos Theory, this paper adopts three rules to guide the translation of agritainment and provide the specific translation approaches. The significance of this paper lies in providing the specific translation approaches, which provides a reference for translators on the translation of scenic spots’ introduction.

The functional translation theory is the very important theory in series of translation theories and the Skopos theory is the core of the Western functionalist translation theory. It breaks the “equivalent” translation theory of structuralism and the traditional one-way translation studies.

In 1971, Katharina Reiss introduced a functional category into her “objective approach to translation criticism”. In her book Possibilities and Limitation in Translation Criticism, Reiss pointed out that the translation criticism was based on the functional relationship between source and target texts (pp. 93-94).

Vermeer (1987) defined human action as intentional and purposeful behavior that took place in a given situation; it was part of the situation at the same time as it modified the situation (p.250.)

In early 1990s, Nord improved functional translation theory. In Nord’s view, there could be no process of “translation” without a source text.

German functional translation theory liberated the translator from the barrier of original paper, which emphasizes the communicative function of translation in the target language culture. Tourism texts have vocative function, informational function, and expressive function. As long as the translator spares no effort to make a good translation text, it is of great significance for the tourism translation. 

But the tourism translation is not used widely and well under the functional translation theory. The translation should be gone on to introduce advanced foreign translation theories, such as the functional translation theory, integrating with the reality of China, to improve and promote the Chinese characteristic translation, especially on tourism translation.

The function of tourism translation is to broaden visitors’ horizon with a brief introduction to China, arouse their interest in a trip to certain destinations in China, and provide necessary traveling information for them. With the function, tourism translation may be targeted with different audience, for tourists are from different social classed. They may be heads of state, scholars, as well as the general public. They may be millions of readers of the tourist material. If the translation is accurate, fluent, and appropriate, it is enjoyable and appealing to readers. However, if the translation is ungrammatical, illogical, and incomprehensible, it will help little to promote a certain destination as the readers may have a bad impression on it and assume that the traveling service provided is bad as well. Worse still, it may cause misunderstandings and damage to China’s international image. We know that the competition in the tourism industry among different countries is fierce and each country is making great efforts to attract more foreign visitors. Therefore, tourism translation of good quality and in large quantities should be done by translations for the competitiveness of China’s international tourism industry.

Tourism translation should be for tourism activities, tourism and industry of translation practice, belonging to the professional translation. In a nutshell, tourism translation is communicative activity involved in language, society, culture, and the mind. Tourism translation has the direct performance in culture and mind (Schaffner, 1998).

Scenic-spots’ introduction is a kind of tourism translation is to introduce and advocate the beautiful scenery to the foreigners and the quality of translation directly influences the tourism, especially the inbound tourism. Because the foreign friends often read, listen, and understand the tourism translation, they will choose to visit the scenic spots. So a precise and vivid tourism translation is very important for the development of tourism. Scenic-spots introduction is a kind of practical literature style which is very outstanding for its function. Specifically speaking, scenic-spot introduction has informative function and operative function.

Nowadays the relationship between the countries all over the world is getting closer and closer. Tourist industry has become one of the most influential industries for a country. Tourist industry relates to many aspects of our daily life, the tourism translation bears the responsibility to exchange China and western cultures. It is not only the conversion of language symbols, but also the transformation of a cultural model. People should not only master the global culture. but also let Chinese culture go to the world. Tourism is actually a very typical intercultural communication activity. In addition, tourism materials are important materials for a country’s external publicity, and their translation directly affects the image of the country and the effect of external publicity. Therefore, the proper translation of scenic spots plays an important role in the process of Chinese culture going to the world. This paper discusses the translation of scenic-spots’ introduction with the case of translation of agritainment. Some principles for translation of scenic spots are pointed out and the common strategies and methods are summarized with purpose of improving the quality of translation, promoting the tourist spot image, spreading Chinese culture and making the word better learn about China.

II．Outline

1 Introduction

1.1 Research Background

1.2 Research Objective

2 Theoretical Framework

2.1 Previous Studies on Translation of Agritainment

2.2 Theoretical Framework

3 Feature Analysis of Agritainment

3.1 Lexical Features

3.2 Discoursal Features

4 Approaches to Translation of Agritainment

4.1 Application of Skopos Theory in Translation of Agritainment

4.2 Approaches to Translation of Agritainment

5 Conclusion

Ⅲ、References:

[1]邓巨.以语境化实现翻译的忠实原则——“农家乐”翻译论[J].西南民族大学学报：人文社会科学版,2009(3):277-281.

[2]谢昕呈.“农家乐”如何翻译为英文？[J].英语学习,2016(8):76-77.

[3]史建国,景丽,闫英琪.The Agritainment(Agriculture Entertainment) in Dingxi[J].海外英语,2011(4X):274-275.

[4]一舟.旅游英语翻译偶得[J].广西师范大学学报：哲学社会科学版,2002(S2):101-104.

[5]陈晶辉.从文化语境观分析旅游英语翻译的问题[J].边疆经济与文化,2011(7):125-126.

[6]杨大飞.浅析乡村旅游英语翻译[J].海外英语,2019(6):49-50.

[7]赵哲.The C-E Translation of Scenic Spot Introduction[J].科技视界,2012(25):167-168.

[8]唐春珍.基于国际旅游岛背景下乡村旅游英语翻译规范化研究[J].英语广场：学术研究,2015(5):138-139.

[9]徐宁.浅谈乡村旅游英语规范化翻译的重要性与实践[J].广东蚕业,2019(7):80-81. 

[10]张瑞华.翻译目的论视角下的乡村旅游资料翻译策略研究[J].农村经济与科技,2016(6):74-74.

[11]陈丽霞,孙崇飞.中国旅游景点介绍英译中的文本信息转换[J].江西农业大学学报：社会科学版,2012(1):154-158.

[12]侯彬洁,张建华.试论上海农家乐游乐项目的创意与开发[J].上海交通大学学报：农业科学版,2012(5):78-84.

[13]丁往道,吴冰.英语写作基础教程(第三版) [M].高等教育出版社,2013

[14]s://wenku.baidu.com/view/b36349463d1ec5da50e2524de518964bcf84d228.html

[15]://lagrange.patch.com/articles/all-access-live-agritainment-here-till-late-october

[16]://.whitehutchinson.com/leisure/agritainmen t.shtml