爱默生《论自助》-对中国的当代社会的影响-开题报告

一、选题背景与意义（说明所选课题的历史背景、国内外研究现状和发展趋势）

As we all known, Traditional culture  effect Chinese more than thousands of years, so most of us are good-natured, low-key or modest, that is to say in some ways we won’t strongly expressed our feelings, we always feel bashful in public to give voice to our own opinions directly, we appearances unassuming and compliant. China is undergoing a rapid process of change, so part of traditional culture need to change. I set eyes on Emerson’s Self-Reliance accidentally, and then was appealed to this book deeply and read this book all my eyes and ears, if we comprehend Emerson’s spirit and then to follow it, it will promote our individual success and country’s prosperity. 

In the first place, let’s review impact of Self-Reliance in the 19th century in American. J. R. Lowell Once said in Emerson – elocutionist : "In our New England dry shell, he brings life us, make us more than once to see the intoxicating ideal. He made us aware of any one of us has the highest and the eternal creative.” In this period, American economy is stepping into the era of machine industry; both of Southern and Northern states have entered the economic form stages; westward movement was like a raging fire, shaping the new American. Under this background, Emerson made a loud voice for his opinion:” What I must do is all that concerns me, not what the people think. This rule, equally arduous in actual and in intellectual life, may serve for the whole distinction between greatness and meanness”(Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Self-Reliance and Other Essays 2013).His self-reliance is an influential work which deeply attracts many American to get rid of the European influence gradually, it encourage youth show his own opinion confidently and bravely in the midst of the crowd, keep himself not be easily influenced by environment. His ideology had important influence on American culture, promoted American spirit of independence, created a true American literature and Stimulated American Renaissance. 

In the second place, let’s analyse impact of Self-Reliance in Contemporary Chinese. A lot of person give highly admiration of him, Our famous scholar  Ms Qian Mansu go in for Emerson research for many years, Once give evaluation on Emerson :” He objected to all asphyxia soul. He use a new view observe the world.”

China in the past under the influence of traditional culture for many years, there has been a lack of respect for individual rights and freedom, independence consciousness is very weak, this destroyed the people's happiness, blocked the advance of the whole nation. In modern times, a certain scholar launched the new culture research of Self-Reliance, they found the essay played a positive impact in China. There were to much profound philosophic theory in this book, but I focus on three points : independence, Innovation, integrity. Confidence is Ideological premise of  Independent, independence is Practical action of Confidence. independent individuals lead to China ’s strong and prosperous; Innovation means to be a reformer, not to keep on the rail. Only those who are innovative can make continuous progress and maintain a competitive edge; Integrity is a excellent reliable and incorruptible quality. Integrity on our own position, then our political system, legal system and educational system will be lead to right direction.

Our famous authoress Eileen Chang give out the conclusion that :”And now it seems that Emerson's works don’t lost its timeliness, that is what make us feel admirable, His many opinions are applicable to the current political situation.” 

二、研究的基本内容和拟解决的主要问题

This thesis analysis main points of the Essay: Self-Reliance, Innovative, Integrity. And Analysis the positive impact in China country’s prosperity and civilization’s advancement.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

2. An Overview of Emerson

2.1 Emerson’s life story

2.2 The background of the works

3. Analysis of the Essay Self-Reliance

3.1 Main viewpoint of independence

3.2 Main viewpoint of innovation

3.3 Main viewpoint of integrity

4. Positive impact on Today's Society 

4.1 Three character Lead to individual success

4.2 The independence expand the national spirit and foreign policy

4.3Innovation benefit scientific-technical progress and economic development

4.4 Integrity clean government integrity and Justice of law 

5. Conclusion

六、主要参考文献

VI. References 

[1] Alcott, Amos Bronson. “Ralph Waldo Emerson: „An Estimate of His Character and Genius .In Prose and in Verse, 2010.  

[2] Emerson, Ralph Waldo.   Self-Reliance and Other Essays.    2013. 

[3] Ferguson, Niall. Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire.  New York: Penguin, 2008.  

[4] 张在钊   一曲自立与革新的颂歌

[5] 闻中   “爱默生：美国文化的精神后花园.”  2009

[6] 自立-爱默生励志随笔集    爱默生著 林文华（译） 2012-04-01

[7] 王赛芬   爱默生个性教育思想研究      2011 

[8] 汪冷    重新阐释爱默生散文《自助》   南京师大学报  2012 

[9] 肖长生   论爱默生《自立》的现实意义   长城期刊      2013

[10] 钱满素 《爱默生和中国——对个人主义的反思》  2010