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Literature Review

The Great Gatsby is Fitzgerald’s favorite novel, also a most obvious sign that his thought and style became mature. With strict designing of structure and special narrator, Fitzgerald expressed the motif of the disillusion of “American Dream”. By the standard of both art and profundity, the novel is the best works of Fitzgerald.

The story is set in New York City and on Long Island, in two areas known as West Egg and East Egg. The story is set in the early 1920s, just after World War I, during Prohibition, a time period that outlawed the manufacture, sale, or consumption of alcoholic beverages. This is significant not only because Gatsby’s ill-gotten wealth is apparently due to bootlegging, but also because alcohol is conspicuously available, despite being illegal, throughout the novel. Indeed, the characters are seen drinking expensive champagne--suggesting that the wealthy are not at all affected by these laws.

F. Scott Fitzgerald was a famous writer of his own time. As Malcolm Cowley once put it, he lived in a room full of clocks and calendars. The years ticked away while he noted the songs, the shows, the books, the quarterbacks. His own career followed the pattern of the nation, booming in the early 1920s and skidding into near oblivion during the depths of the Depression. Yet his fiction did more than merely report on his times, or on himself as a prototypical representative, for Fitzgerald had the gift of double vision. Like Walt Whitman or his own Nick Carraway, he was simultaneously within and without, at once immersed in his times and able to view them and himself with striking objectivity. This rare ability, along with his rhetorical brilliance, has established Fitzgerald as one of the major novelists and story writers of the twentieth century.

Fitzgerald attended Princeton University but was forced to withdraw in 1917 because of poor grades, and later that year joined the army. In 1918 he met Zelda Sayre, the daughter of an Alabama Supreme Court judge. To prove himself and win her, he rewrote the novel which he had begun at Princeton; in 1920 This Side of Paradise was published and the two were married. 

Fitzgerald started writing for periodicals, publishing early stories such as “The Diamond as Big as The Ritz”, later collected in Tales of The Jazz Age (1922). Fame and prosperity were both welcome and frightening; in The Beautiful and Damned (1922), he describes the life he and Zelda feared, a descent into ennui and dissipation. 

The Fitzgeralds moved in 1924 to the French Riviera, where they fell in with a group of American expatriates, described in his last completed novel, Tender Is The Night (1934). Shortly after their arrival, he completed his greatest work, The Great Gatsby (1925), which poignantly expresses his ambivalence about American life, at once vulgar and dazzlingly promising. Some of his finest short stories of this period, particularly The Rich Boy and Absolution, appeared in All the Sad Young Men (1926).  The stresses of fame and prosperity led Fitzgerald to drink excessively; Zelda suffered mental breakdowns in 1930 and 1932 from which she never fully recovered, and she spent most of her remaining years in a sanitarium. By 1937 Fitzgerald had become a scriptwriter in Hollywood; there he met the gossip columnist Sheilah Graham, with whom he would spend the rest of his life. He told the story of his downward slide in The Crack-Up, published posthumously in 1945. His last work, the Hollywood novel The Last Tycoon (1941), was left unfinished at his death at 44 of alcohol-related causes. 

Outline

1.Introduction 

1.1 A brief introduction of F. Scott Fitzgerald

1.2 An introducation of The Great Gatsby

2. Gatsby’s American Dream in The Great Gatsby

2.1 Gatsby’s pursuit of dream process

3. Reasons of Gatsby’s tragic roots

3.1 Class differences

3.2 Daisy’s moral characters

3.3 Gatsby’s illegal activities

Conclusion

References

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