TranslaionAnalysisofheNanjingMassacrefromhePerspeciveofSkoposTheory_开题报告

Research Background: 

Driven by the 13th Five-Year Plan and the "the Belt and Road" initiative, China's tourism industry is developing rapidly and the number of inbound tourists is increasing year by year. [1] The prosperity of tourism industry requires high-quality translated texts. As a direct material for foreign tourists to obtain scenic spot information, for foreign tourists who like to travel freely, the English translation of tourist attraction introduction cards becomes more and more important without the explanation of tour guides. The introduction of scenic spots is an important means of promotion, [2] and the Memorial Hall is different from common scenic spots and historic sites, which can not only promote the development of local economy and society, but also inherit history, serve the society and spread culture, social education and other functions. 

In 1982, the history textbook approved by Japanese ministry of culture and culture changed the description of "invading China" into "entering". [3] Japan's behavior of beautifying its history of aggression in the textbook incident aroused the indignation of the Chinese people. 

At the end of 1983, Nanjing municipal people's government began to prepare for the construction of Memorial Hall with the approval of Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and Jiangsu Provincial People's Government. 

In August 1985, Nanjing Municipal People's Government established a memorial hall for compatriots killed in the Nanjing Massacre of Japanese invaders in Jiangdong Gate. [4] 

The establishment of the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall played the role of the patriotic education base of the museum, as well as carried out international public opinion struggles to widely publicize the truth of the Nanjing Massacre to the whole world. The aim is to name the direction for us, let us remember the history, let us strengthen ourselves and our motherland, resist killing, advocate peace, and never forget the past. 

On February 27, 2014, the 7th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th the National People's Congress passed a decision that December 13 of each year would be set as the national memorial day for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. [5] On December 14, 2014, after the first national memorial ceremony for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre, the memorial hall for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre of the Japanese invaders reopened to the public. According to the statistics of the museum, the number of visitors on that day reached 103,500, a record high. [6]

However, according to the survey, Chinese interviewees have a high awareness of the historical facts of the Nanjing Massacre and have a positive attitude, but there are also differences; Japanese interviewees have a high awareness of the historical facts of the Nanjing Massacre, but they have a high awareness of the Memorial Hall, the awareness of national public offerings is low, and the attitude towards Sino-Japanese reconciliation is relatively negative, and the avoidance tendency is obvious; The interviewees in Western countries have low awareness of the Nanjing Massacre, and their understandings are biased, but their attitudes are positive. [7] Therefore, we should seize every batch of foreign tourists who come to visit, and better introduce to foreign tourists this Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall, which carries the tragedy of war, cruel killing, historical pathos and human memory, it becomes particularly important. The translation of tourism texts plays an important role in its dissemination. 

Research Status and Significance: 

Consulted relevant articles on the translation of tourist attractions, some of which are unfolded from the perspective of aesthetics, some from the perspective of eco-translatology, and some from the perspective of reader response theory, some are under the guidance of eco-translatology, and many are carried out under the guidance of Skopos theory. For the study of Nanjing Memorial Hall, there are many articles that deeply discuss and study the Nanjing Massacre or the architectural design of the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall, but there are few articles that study the text introductions of the commentary in the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall.

The translation of the introduction board in the Memorial Hall belongs to the museum translation in the translation of tourism texts. [8] In the current domestic and foreign researches, although there are not many works in this field, they still lack systematicness and pertinence. The Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall carries the inheritance function of memory and is a typical memorial place. [9] It is incorporated into the narrative of anti-Japanese War like other memorial halls, but its importance is far higher than other places. The text introductions in the Memorial Hall for victims of the Nanjing massacre bear the important responsibilities of restoring historical facts, accusing violent crimes and praying for world peace, which requires that the commentary of the whole hall should be accurate at first, for those who are serious and have a clear standpoint, secondly, the connection and coherence of meanings in the same language field must be ensured, so as to effectively convey and accept the discourse intention. Therefore, the function of English translation text is very clear, the directivity of translation purpose is strong, and the degree of conformity with Skopos theory is high, so translation should meet the requirements of Skopos theory. [10]

This article is developed under the guidance of the three principles of Skopos theory in translation, namely, the principle of purpose, the principle of coherence and the principle of loyalty. Through drawing materials on the spot in the Memorial Hall, the author takes the English texts of the introduction cards in the Memorial Hall as corpus, and takes the three principles of Skopos theory as theoretical guidance to analyze whether the English translation of the introduction cards meets the requirements of Skopos theory, it has realized the purpose of effectively conveying information, inheriting national historical memory and the translation strategies it has adopted, pointed out the excellent translation and its shortcomings, and provided reference and suggestions for the translation of other scenic spots introduction board.

B. Framework

1 Introduction

1.1 Research Background

1.2 Research Object

2 A Brief Introduction of Skopos Theory

2.1 The Definition of Skopos Theory.

2.2 The Inspirations of Skopos Theory on The Introduction of Memorial Hall

3 The Application of Three Principles of Skopos Theory to Introduction Texts English Translation of The Memorial Halls.

3.1 Skopos Rule

3.2 Coherence Rule

3.3 Fidelity Rule

4 Conclusion

C. References

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