ASurveyandAnalysisoChinese-EnglishTranslaionofScenicSpoInroducioninOfficialWebsieofShenzhen_开题报告

Literature Review

According to the ANNUAL REPORT OF CHINA INBOUND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 2016 issued by Dr. Li Chuangxin of China Tourism Academy, the quantity for inbound tourists of China in 2015 was 13.38204 million, an increase of 4.14%. And the foreign exchange earnings was 11.365 billion, the total market was fourth in size around the world only to France, Unite States and Span. For the inbound tourists, 80.58% was from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, which means only 19.42%, was from the foreign country. The reports showed the language difficulty was the fourth main reason caused the foreign tourists are not willing to visit China.

Chinese-English (C-E) translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction as medium for foreign tourists to learn about China and its traditional cultural, it plays an important role in cross-cultural communication.

According to the research result from the biggest Chinese search engines-BAIDU about the study of C-E translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction, there were about total 188000 relevant academic papers and seven major points below applied to this field by the scholars at home:

Contrastive analysis theory 

System functional linguistic 

Context culture

Functional translation

Skopos theory

Genre anabrsis Cultural vision

Cultural and cultural difference.

In these seven points, Functional translation and Skopos theory was applied by most of scholars at home, such as Lu Guofei (2006) took Skopos theory as a guide to analyze the translation mistake between the functionality and practicability, and point out the root cause for such mistakes caused by the translator was lack of the sense for the purpose of translation . Ning Zhongnian(2009) discussed the function for the cultural factor to the Chinese tourism scenic spots translation according to the functional translation theory, meanwhile, he analyzed its text of Chinese to English and pointed out the cultural factor played an important part in tourism scenic spots translation ,it is difficult for the target readers to accept the translation works caused by missing of the Cross-culture awareness. He put forward the translation strategies such as increase, analogy and simplification, etc. to solve the issue of cultural translation under the functional translation theory. And the Cultural difference was the second one applied by most of scholars at home, such as Lu Xiaona and Yang Yanjun, they selected three variables such as translation target ,reader acceptance and text type as the standard of cultural translation strategy for the tourism text, they divided the culture factors to three aspects such as language cultural, social cultural and aesthetic culture under translation circumstances and combined the tourism promotional materials of Ningbo to analyze the specified application of these three aspects. Li Daiju pointed out touring is a kind of typical intercultural communication. But it often occurs that there are no equivalent expressions of Chinese cultural items in English caused by the cultural differences. Some studies based on genre analysis, such as Zhou Zhenling, he pointed out that scenic pot introduction are a genre with highly distinctive features. Among these studies, they mainly based on the theories put forwarded by foreign scholars ,the analysis of problems and phenomena as well as the text characteristic.

For the special translation study of C-E Scenic Spot Introduction at broad, it is difficult to find related academic works, they were mainly based on the view of globalization, cross-cultural and cross-language to discuss the translation problems for the scenic spot introduction text .The most famous one is Functional translation and Skopos theory put forwarded by Reiss and Vermeer in the early of 1980 s, others such as Context culture put forwarded by Edward Twitchell Hall Jr. in 1976, Contrastive analysis theory which was prevalent during the 1950 s and 1960s.System functional linguistic put forwarded by M.A.K.Halliday during the 1970 s. Context culture put forwarded by Edward Twitchell Hall Jr. in 1976. Genre anabrsis put forwarded by Swales in 1981.Cultural vision put forwarded by Andre Lefevere and Susan Bassnett during 1990 s. These studies mainly based on sociolinguistics, Skopos theory, Genre anabrsis and the comparison between the corpora and the text characteristic.

In recently years, some new points were applied to this field, such as Aesthetics, Pragmatics, Eco-translatology, Translator subjectivity, Theme-based information-highlighting principle, Semiotics and Translation Variation.

In summary, in the wake of the deeply study on the translation of scenic spot introduction, a great many scholars have put forward many effective ways to guide people to do the practical translation based on these theories. But there are still some deficiencies:

Mainly focused on the single area without comprehensive structure

A few theories on local

Less combination with practical cases

On the base of above studies, I found there were only paper written by Gu Wei about the E-C translation of the tourism website under Variation Theory. He taken the specified translation for the tourism website as a example to discuss the translation strategy under Variation Theory.

Nowadays, along with the rapid development of internet, people are used to do everything through the internet, so does the tour, it will be more convenience, cost -effective and time-saving effort, so a better translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction on its official website will be a very critical factor to attract the tourist to come for visit. 

According to the survey between Chinese tourism portal website: ://.51yala.com and the world's largest private travel guide Publishing House website: ://.lonelyplanet.com for the scenic spots of Shenzhen, there are total 115 scenic spots on 51yala but only 12 on Lonely Planet, only 1% of Shenzhen scenic spots can be learned by the foreigner, besides, among the 12 scenic spots in Lonely Planet , most of them have no English version introduction for the scenic spots when you link into the official website to see the details. it showed a poor condition for the translation and propaganda of the scenic spot introduction on official website. As a leading edge city, it is urgent to find some effective ways to improve current situation. For this purpose, I have consulted a number of data above to understand the dynamic on this field, so I will do simple study for the advertising language and layout of the C-E translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction in the official website of Shenzhen.

Outline

1. Introduction

1.1. Research Background 

1.2. Research Object

2. Literature Review

2.1 Current status for international tourism in China

2.2 Current status on studies of C-E translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction at home and abroad.

2.3 Deficiency on studies of C-E translation for the Scenic Spot Introduction at home and abroad.

2.4 Current situation for C-E translation for the scenic spot introduction on the official website of Shenzhen and the purpose of this paper.

3. A Survey to C-E translation for the scenic spot introduction on the official website of Shenzhen

3.1 Current situation on the official website of Shenzhen

3.2 Issues to be found

3.2.1. No C-E translation for the scenic spot introduction on most of the official websites of Shenzhen 

3.2.2 No attraction for the translation of the advertising language, it is only based on the text itself but not for the point of view of the tourist 

3.2.3 The layout translation of the scenic spot introduction is not suitable for the reading habit of the foreigner tourist.

4. An analysis based on the survey

4.1 The major tourists are mainly from domestic, high cost and low income if invest money to add E-C translation introduction.

4.2 Analyze the translation strategy based on the Functional translation and Skopos theory.

4.2.1 Concept of Functional translation and Skopos theory.

4.2.2 Translation strategy and specified translation text analysis.

4.3 Take the good experience of the scenic spot introduction in English-speaking countries.

5. Conclusion

Scenic spot introduction is a practical text, especially for the introduction in its official website, it is a first window for foreign tourist to know its characteristic before arrange the tour, but based on the studies above, we are just at the early stage, so we should pay more attention to this field, study related translation theories to combine the practice, then apply it to improve the E-C translation for the scenic spot introduction in Shenzhen, and promote the development of the international tourism of Shenzhen. 

Works Cited:

[1]陆国飞，旅游景点汉语介绍英译的功能观[J],外语教学，2006年，第5期。

[2]宁中年，功能主义视角下的汉语旅游景介的英译[D].南京农业大学，2009年[3]卢晓娜 杨廷君 旅游文本的文化翻译策略 外语教学研究  中国电力教育 2009年6月下 总第139期

[4]顾伟 变异理论指导下的旅游网站汉英翻译 语文学利 外语教育教学 2010年第10期

[5]李岱菊 从跨文化交际看中文旅游文本的不可译性 沈阳工程学院学报 社会科学版 2012年1期

[6]周振玲，旅游景点介绍的英译研究-基于体裁分析的翻译研究，黑龙江大学，2014

[7] Li Chuangxing, ANNUAL REPORT OF CHINA INBOUND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 2016

[8] ://.lonelyplanet.com/china/guangdong/shenzhen/sights

[9] ://guangdong.51yala.com/list/List_2487_1.html  广东深圳旅游景点列表

[10] ://.octeast.com/en/ ABOUT OCTEAST

[11] ://en.szwwco.com/about/ ABOUT WINDOW OF THE WORLD 

[12]s://.lonelyplanet.com/usa/los-angeles/sights/museums-galleries/getty-center

[13]s://.lonelyplanet.com/england/sights/castles-palaces-mansions/tower-london/item-a-370403-id