DifferencesbeweenEnglishandChineseIdioms_开题报告

Idioms are a fixed and universally accepted language element（C.H.Collins）.

The two languages of English and Chinese have a long history , and they contain a large number of idioms.Idioms is a specific form or language or dialect of a people or country,which can relect the living conditions and cultures. Without idioms,language would become dull and dry.From the English and Chinese idioms to compare the cultural differences between China and the west, in order to improve our cross-cultural communication ability and better understand the English culture of the country's goal.

一、Literature review

Domestic Research

Since 1990s, Chinese scholars research on the comparison of English and Chinese language and culture of different levels, the full range of just unfolding, from different perspectives is unceasingly thorough, the British study‘ The Idiom Translation’ of Zhang Peiji (1979) and Hu Wenzhong's "Language and Culture" (2000) is the most representative. In our country, there was a little late for starting to study the English idioms in domestic research. According to the difference of the key point of study, it can be divided into two periods: experience period and multiple theory phase.

Learning English Idioms, which was published in the Journal of PLA institute of foreign languages by Fung Chui-Wah in 1978, was the earliest article of the domestic research of English idioms writings. Since then, many schoolars devoted themselves to the study of idioms. But this time’s studies just limited in the basic characteristics of idioms and their translation skills discussion.

In 2013, Cui Xiyan published an article whose tittle was A Cross-cultural Communication Perspective, Clearly pointed out that the use of language cultural constraints. Between the country's social system, natural environment, customs, ways of thinking, religious differences, different kinds of constraints are necessarily idioms marked a distinct national culture brand, hidden strong national culture connotation.

Domestic idioms research gradually extended to cognitive linguistics and functional linguistics and applied linguistics based on the traditional research methods. The traditional idioms research mainly focus on the types of English idioms, semantic, syntactic features and understanding of English idioms, allusion and its source and the translation skills of English idioms.

In the application of idioms research, many scholars focus on the comparative study of English and Chinese idioms. Wng Wen-Bin and Yao Jun explained the cause of the similarities and differences of metaphors in idioms in Chinese and English language and explored their intrinsic cognitive mechanism similarities and differences. The defects and countermeasures idioms research into multiple theorization period, the relevant domestic research papers of English idioms emerge in a large amount. But from the research achievements and the situation of now, the current domestic research in this field is not yet mature, especially in the research process, content, method, which are still existing many problems and defects.

（二）Overseas research

Claire s Idiom structure in English identifies two major types of idioms: those of encoding and decoding. He classified idioms of decoding as lexemic and sememic, giving greater attention to the structure of the lexemic variety.

Longman Dictionary of English Idioms.1979,is an exposition of what language idiosyncrasies or peculiarities tell us about the usage of idioms in English. Smith pays more attention to structural peculiarities and idiomatic tranagessions than to the semantics of idioms. To him, idioms are essentially those forms peculiar to a language, whether they are literal or not.

C. Fernando’s Idioms and Idiomaticity classifies the English idioms into three kinds of idioms are: ideational idiomatic expressions, interpersonal idiomatic expressions, and relational idiomatic expressions. The most salient feature of Fernando’s book is that she moves the study of idiom firmly out of the domain of the phrase and the sentence into a consideration of the function of idioms in contexts of communication (R.Carter 1996). Fernando accounts for the ubiquity of idioms by analyzing what they do in different discourse types.

二、Outline

1. Introduction

2. Idiom

2.1. Definitions of Idioms

2.2. Characteristics of Idioms

2.3. Forms of Idioms 

3. Differences

3.1. Differences in living Environment

3.2. Differences in Customs

3.3. Cultural Differences in Religious Beliefs

3.4. Different Opinions on Objects

3.5. Differences in Colors

3.6. Differences in Animals

3.7. Differences in Daily Diet

3.8. Allusion

4. Influence factor

4.1. The social system between nations

4.2. Natural environment

4.3. Ways of thinking

5. Conclusion

三、Bibliography

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