文化差异对英语阅读理解的影响TheinfluenceofculuraldifferencesonEnglishreadingcomprehension_开题报告

With the promotion of English, more and more Chinese people begin to learn English. Survey shows that more than 200 million Chinese choose English as a second language. As the carrier of western culture, English has already begun to influence and even change the life of Chinese people. However, due to historical, economic level and regional disparity, there are great differences between Chinese and Western culture, such as diet, etiquette and mode of thinking.

Geert Hofstede said Culture is a common mental process in an environment, not an individual character, but a mental process that is shared by many people with the same educational and life experience. There are differences between the different groups, regions or countries. Such cultural differences can be divided into five dimensions: Power DIstance, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, InDiVidualism versus collectivism, MASculinity versus femininity, Long-Term Orientation versus short-term orientation.( Geert Hofstede,1989,4).The cultural difference between eastern and western countries has been regarded as one of the most important topics of linguistic researches, English learners lacking cultural background knowledge of English-speaking people, not knowing western social system, customs, social customs, way of thinking and values, will not be able to understand English language information rapidly and accurately which includes the actual meaning and the real intention of the speaker. It is without no doubt that cultural knowledge can influence the reading comprehension. Reading is one of the activities that has been under the deep influence of cultural difference between eastern and western countries. Through reading we can also grasp some language knowledge and improve our language competence. Chirstine Nuttall says that reading is a process in which readers select, classify and interpret information according to experience, information and knowledge they have in their minds.( Chirstine Nuttall, 2003, 11) Reading is a very complicated process of cognition. It not only involves many language knowledge and skills, but also is influenced by many nonverbal factors, such as reading habits,

Since reading involves both the target language and the original language, it requires a reader to master not only the language but also the culture of the two country. Therefore, more and more researchers paid their attention to the researches about the difference between eastern and western culture. "We change life experience into our language and add meaning to the language. They  are influenced and restrained by culture. Languages are different because of different culture . Some semantic exists in a language, but does not exist in another language.".(Lado, 1957:71) Chinese famous linguistics professor Deng YanChang has said "the connotation of word is different from its literal meaning, it is implicit or additional meaning. ".（邓炎昌，1989，162） At this stage of the research mainly concentrated in the theory, they summarize a lot of differences, including religion, customs, treat, color meaning, taboo, and so on, to eliminate the confusion and misunderstanding when we read English articles. However, the culture is active and continuously developing, differences will continue to emerge, the subject still has a lot of research to do.

This study attempts to classify the influence of cultural differences on reading, and makes some suggestions. is just the farther study on the basis of the previous work. 

二、^范文结构

In order to analyze the influence of cultural difference between China and western countries on reading systematically, this thesis will be divided into five parts: 

The first part is the introduction of the whole research. 

The second part, includes the objective existence and origin of cultural

differences. and the importance of cultural differences in reading comprehension

The third part, includes the specific classification of cultural differences on reading comprehension

The fourth part is the introduction of the measures taken on reading in order to

avoid the misunderstanding caused by cultural differences

The last part is the conclusion of this research. Following such steps, the research

results are revealed step by steps. 

二、^范文提纲

1.Introduction

2 .Culture Differences And Reading Comprehension

2.1 The objective existence of cultural differences and the reasons for its formation

2.2 Role of culture differences on reading.

3 .Several Aspects of Cultural Factors on Reading

3.1 Cultural Differences in Words And idioms.

3.2 Cultural Differences in texts

3.3 Cultural Differences in Humane Background.

4 .Some Ways to Develop Cultural Knowledge

4.1 Eliminating Interference from Mother Tongue Fixed Thinking.

4.2 Edifing in Literary Works

4.3 Extracurricular Activities Application

5  Conclusion

三、参考文献

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[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. 

London: Oxford University, 1974.

[5] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.

[6] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.

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[9] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海：上海外语出版社,2002.

[10]沈军，文化差异对阅读的第二语言习得的影响，《科技信息》2005。

[11]孙英旭，试论了解文化差异对提高英语阅读能力的影响，绥化学院学报，2006。

[12]许雪芬，《中西文化差异对英语阅读理解的影响》硕士^范文，华中师范大学2004。